Antivirulence activities of retinoic acids against Staphylococcus aureus

Park, Inji; Lee, Jin-Hyung; Ma, Jin Yeul; Tan, Yulong; Lee, Jintae

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224085

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…The bacterium employs a complex network to orchestrate the synthesis of virulence factors like hemolysins, enterotoxins, and immune-evasive staphyloxanthin. These factors contribute to various life-threatening infections such as bacteremia, pulmonary infections, gastroenteritis, and toxic shock syndrome ( Valliammai et al., 2020 ; Park et al., 2023 ). The strain’s propensity to form biofilms on damaged tissues and medical implants contributes to its development of antibiotic resistance and virulence ( Moormeier and Bayles, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiofilm activity of carotenoid crocetin against Staphylococcal strains

Paramanya,

Lee,

Lee

2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis stand as notorious threats to human beings owing to the myriad of infections they cause. The bacteria readily form biofilms that help in withstanding the effects of antibiotics and the immune system. Intending to combat the biofilm formation and reduce the virulence of the pathogens, we investigated the effects of carotenoids, crocetin, and crocin, on four Staphylococcal strains. Crocetin was found to be the most effective as it diminished the biofilm formation of S. aureus ATCC 6538 significantly at 50 µg/mL without exhibiting bactericidal effect (MIC >800 µg/mL) and also inhibited the formation of biofilm by MSSA 25923 and S. epidermidis at a concentration as low as 2 µg/mL, and that by methicillin-resistant S. aureus MW2 at 100 µg/mL. It displayed minimal to no antibiofilm efficacy on the Gram-negative strains Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as a fungal strain of Candida albicans. It could also curb the formation of fibrils, which partly contributes to the biofilm formation in S. epidermidis. Additionally, the ADME analysis of crocetin proclaims how relatively non-toxic the chemical is. Also, crocetin displayed synergistic antibiofilm characteristics in combination with tobramycin. The presence of a polyene chain with carboxylic acid groups at its ends is hypothesized to contribute to the strong antibiofilm characteristics of crocetin. These findings suggest that using apocarotenoids, particularly crocetin might help curb the biofilm formation by S. aureus and S. epidermidis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiofilm activity of carotenoid crocetin against Staphylococcal strains

Paramanya,

Lee,

Lee

2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Decoding the anti-aging effect of retinol in reshaping the human skin microbiome niches

Gui,

Cheng,

Lin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Retinol has been widely added to skincare products due to its ability to promote the proliferation of skin keratinocytes and regulate skin cell collagen expression. While it is known the skin harbors a myriad of commensal bacteria, the impact of retinol on the skin microbiome, as well as the role of the skin microbiome in mediating the anti-aging properties of retinol, remains poorly understood. In this study, we incorporated phenomics, metagenomics and metabolomics to explore the human skin alterations during the anti-aging process mediated by retinol, and potential interactions between retinol, skin microbiome and metabolites.Topical retinol significantly improved skin conditions, including enhancing skin hydration, acidifying the epidermis, strengthening the skin barrier, and reducing the number and volume of wrinkles. Furthermore, retinol also reshaped the skin microecology by altering the structure and function of the skin microbiome as well as the host and microbial metabolites. Through GEM construction, we identified 2 skin microorganism,Sericytochromatia sp.andCorynebacterium kefirresidentiicapable of oxidizing retinol to retinal. Over 10 skin microbes can utilize UDP-glucose as a carbon source, potentially accelerating RAG hydrolysis and increasing glucuronic acid consumption. The retinoic acid and retinol generated by RAG hydrolysis are reused by skin cells and microbes, enhancing retinol metabolism and its effective duration. This combined effect between the skin microbiome and retinol improves skin condition and anti-aging efficacy.

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Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Potentials of 3,2′-Dihydroxyflavone against Staphylococcus aureus

Park,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Staphylococcus aureus, particularly drug-resistant strains, poses significant challenges in healthcare due to its ability to form biofilms, which confer increased resistance to antibiotics and immune responses. Building on previous knowledge that several flavonoids exhibit antibiofilm activity, this study sought to identify a novel flavonoid capable of effectively inhibiting biofilm formation and virulence factor production in S. aureus strains including MRSA. Among the 19 flavonoid-like compounds tested, 3,2′-dihydroxyflavone (3,2′-DHF) was identified for the first time as inhibiting biofilm formation and virulence factors in S. aureus with an MIC 75 µg/mL. The antibiofilm activity was further confirmed by microscopic methods. Notably, 3,2′-DHF at 5 µg/mL was effective in inhibiting both mono- and polymicrobial biofilms involving S. aureus and Candida albicans, a common co-pathogen. 3,2′-DHF reduces hemolytic activity, slime production, and the expression of key virulence factors such as hemolysin gene hla and nuclease gene nuc1 in S. aureus. These findings highlight the potential of 3,2′-DHF as a novel antibiofilm and antivirulence agent against both bacterial and fungal biofilms, offering a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics in the treatment of biofilm-associated infections.

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Antivirulence activities of retinoic acids against Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Antibiofilm activity of carotenoid crocetin against Staphylococcal strains

Antibiofilm activity of carotenoid crocetin against Staphylococcal strains

Decoding the anti-aging effect of retinol in reshaping the human skin microbiome niches

Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Potentials of 3,2′-Dihydroxyflavone against Staphylococcus aureus

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