Antiviral effects of human milk oligosaccharides: A review

Fucosylated oligosaccharide Lacto-N-fucopentaose I ameliorates enterovirus 71 infection by inhibiting apoptosis

“…The mRNA levels of VP1 decreased markedly only in the 400-μg/mL LNFPI group. Many studies have demonstrated that natural antivirals had better capability in reducing VP1 expression ( Gao et al, 2020 ). This means that LNFPI might bind with VP1 to prevent EV71 invasion.…”

Treponema primitia α1–2-fucosyltransferase-catalyzed one-pot multienzyme synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharide lacto-N-fucopentaose I with antiviral activity against enterovirus 71

“…It had more advantages for the prevention of EV71 infection and its early treatment of infection. Gao et al (2020) found that suppressor of the cytokine signaling (SOCS) may promote EV71 virus infection. In the early stage, the induction of SOCS gene transcription was an interferon independent manner and could be blocked by the NF-κB inhibitor ( Chmiest et al, 2016 ).…”

Human Milk Oligosaccharides: A Critical Review on Structure, Preparation, Their Potential as a Food Bioactive Component, and Future Perspectives

“…Besides antibacterial infection, HMOs can prevent cells from various virus infections (including enterovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, and influenza virus) by binding to virus receptors, such as histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), and sialic acid receptors . More importantly, HMOs may help prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its complications.…”