“…In short, 6,000 cells per 0.32 cm 2 well were seeded, and the next day, the cells were either mock infected or JCPyV infected by incubation with 80 l of the JCPyV infectious supernatant for 2 h. Next, the surplus infectious JCPyV was removed, and the cells were treated with increasing concentrations of artesunate. At 24,48,72, and 96 h posttreatment (hpt), cellular DNA replication was quantified by a colorimetric measurement of 20 h bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporated into DNA using the cell proliferation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and BrdU assay (Roche), and the total metabolic activity was monitored by the colorimetric measurement of 3 h of reduction of resazurin dye by mitochondrial, microsomal, and cytosolic enzymes using the TOX-8 assay (Sigma), as described earlier (39,46). As an alternative measure of the total cellular metabolic activity, the ATP content of both the mock-infected and JCPyV-infected cells was measured at 96 hpt by the CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay (Promega), according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”