Antiviral effect of vesatolimod (GS-9620) against foot-and-mouth disease virus both in vitro and in vivo

Lee, Gyeongmin; Kang, Hyo Rin; Kim, Aro; Park, Jong Hyeon; Lee, Min Ja; Kim, Su-Mi

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105384

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Both GS-9620 and ribavirin treatments increased the survival rate of drug-treated mice after FMDV infection. The survival rate of mice treated with GS-9620 (10 mg/kg) was higher than that of mice treated with ribavirin (38). Further confirmation is necessary using natural hosts for FMDV, such as pigs, cows or goats.…”

Section: Antiviral Chemical Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Antiviral agents and disinfectants for foot‑and‑mouth disease (Review)

et al. 2023

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Fluorouracil, ribavirin, and its derivative (T-1105) exhibit anti-foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) effects. In particular, T-1105 exhibits promising results when administered to guinea pigs orally, and pigs in their feed. FMDV is excreted in the early stages of infection in aerosols and oral or nasal droplets from animals. T-1105 along with the FMDV vaccine can be used to combat foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemics. Several studies have shown that sodium hypochlorous solutions are widely used to inactivate viruses, including FMDV. However, these solutions must be stored under cool and dark conditions to maintain their virucidal effects. Interestingly, a study indicated that the virucidal activity of a calcium bicarbonate solution with a mesoscopic structure (CAC-717) did not decrease after storage at room temperature for at least four years outside direct sunlight. Numerous lessons acquired from the 2010 FMD outbreak in Japan are relevant for the control of COVID-19. However, the widespread use of chlorite can cause environmental issues. Chlorite can be combined with nitrogen to produce chloramine or N-nitrosodimethylamine, which plays a role in carcinogenesis. Therefore, risk assessments should be conducted in aquatic environments. Moreover, there is a need to develop nonchlorine disinfectants that can be used during epidemics, including FMD. The approach of 'One Health' should be shared between the public health and veterinary fields to improve the management of viral outbreaks, including those due to FMD. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Antiviral chemical compounds 3. Disinfectants for use against environmental contaminants 4. Foot-and-mouth disease and environmental contamination 5. Discussion 6. Conclusion

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Section: Antiviral Chemical Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Bhagchandani et al attempted oral, intravenous, topical, and intracutaneous administration ( 37 ). Lee et al attempted intramuscular administration of ISA 206 adjuvant ( 38 ). Moreover, the adjuvant effect of the TLR7 agonist, GS-9620, is as an antiviral agent in the early phase of FMD.…”

Section: Antiviral Chemical Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral agents and disinfectants for foot‑and‑mouth disease (Review)

et al. 2023

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“…More flavonoid derivatives, such as quercetin, isoquercetin, quercitrin, and hyperoside, with antiviral potential have recently been identified. Quercetin stimulates interferon (IFN) alpha and IFN-stimulated genes in pig foot-and-mouth disease infections [16]. Isoquercetin, quercitrin, and hyperoside can also inhibit the influenza virus in humans [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico simulation of hyperoside, isoquercetin, quercetin, and quercitrin as potential antivirals against the pNP868R protein of African swine fever virus

Pandarangga,

Simarmata,

Liu

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: African swine fever (ASF) causes disease in pigs with up to 100% mortality rates. There is no effective vaccine to protect against it. This study aimed to perform in silico docking of ASF virus (ASFV) pNP868R protein with potential flavonoid ligands to identify ligands that interfere with mRNA cap formation. Materials and Methods: The ASFV pNP868R protein was tested with hyperoside, isoquercetin, quercetin, and quercitrin in this in silico simulation. ASFV pNP868R protein was extracted from the Research Collaboration for Structural Bioinformatics P rotein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) database with PDB ID 7D8U (https://www.rcsb.org/structure/7D8U). Standard ligands were separated from proteins using UCSF Chimera 1.13. The standard ligand was redocked to protein using AutoDockTools 1.5.6 with the AutoDock4 method for validation. In the docking process, the grid box size was 40 × 40 × 40 Å3 with x, y, and z coordinates of 16.433, −43.826, and −9.496, respectively. The molecular docking process of the proposed ligand–protein complex can proceed if the standard ligand position is not significantly different from its original position in the viral protein’s pocket. The root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and radius of gyration (RoG) of the hyperoside with the lowest energy binding need to be analyzed with molecular dynamics using Groningen machine for chemical simulation 5.1.1. Results: Molecular docking and dynamic simulation revealed that hyperoside had the most stable and compact binding to the pNP868R protein. Hyperoside binds to the protein at the minimum energy of −9.07 KJ/mol. The RMSD, RMSF, and RoG values of 0.281 nm, 0.2 nm, and 2.175 nm, respectively, indicate the stability and compactness of this binding. Conclusion: Hyperoside is the most likely antiviral candidate to bind to the pNP868R protein in silico. Therefore, it is necessary to test whether this flavonoid can inhibit mRNA capping in vitro and elicit the host immune response against uncapped viral mRNA. Keywords: hyperoside, isoquercetin, molecular docking, pNP868R, quercetin, quercitrin.

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