Antiulcerogenic activity of Carica papaya seed in rats

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective and healing effects of the methanolic extract of the seed of the papaya Carica papaya L. (MECP) in rats. Models of acute gastric ulcer induction by ethanol and indomethacin and of chronic ulcer by acetic acid were used. The gastric juice and mucus parameters were evaluated using the pylorus ligation model, and the involvement of sulfhydryl compounds (GSH) and nitric oxide in the gastroprotective effect was analyzed using the ethanol model. The toxicity was assessed through toxicity tests. No signs of toxicity were observed when the rats received a single dose of 2000 mg/kg of extract. The MECP in doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced the gastric lesion with 56, 76, and 82 % inhibition, respectively, and a dose of 30 mg/kg lansoprazole showed 79 % inhibition in the ethanol model. MECP (125, 250, 500 mg/kg) and cimetidine (200 mg/kg) reduced the gastric lesion in the indomethacin model, with 62, 67, 81, and 85 % inhibition, respectively. The MECP (500 mg/kg) and cimetidine (200 mg/kg) treatments showed a reduction in ulcerative symptoms induced by acetic acid by 84 and 73 %, respectively. The antiulcerogenic activity seems to involve GSH because the inhibition dropped from 72 to 13 % in the presence of a GSH inhibitor. Moreover, the MECP showed systemic action, increasing the mucus production and decreasing gastric acidity. Treatments with MECP induce gastroprotection without signs of toxicity. This effect seems to involve sulfhydryl compounds, increased mucus, and reduced gastric acidity.

Papaya black seeds have beneficial anticancer effects on PC-3 prostate cancer cells

“…This effect seems to involve sulfhydryl compounds, increased mucus, and reduced gastric acidity. [31] In addition to various biological activities described above, anticancer activities have been demonstrated by papaya extracts in a number of in vitro studies. [21] Papaya juice and pure lycopene, a component present in papaya, caused cell death in the liver cancer cell line, Hep G2, with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of 20 µg/mL and 22.8 µg/mL, respectively.…”

Red Propolis and Its Dyslipidemic Regulator Formononetin: Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Gastroprotective Effects in Rat Model of Gastric Ulcer

“…To remove gastric contents and blood clots, the stomachs were gently rinsed with water. Tissues images were recorded as described by Pinto et al [ 47 ], and total lesion areas were measured (mm 2 ). Stomach samples from 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg HERP, formononetin, omeprazole, and vehicle treated animals were cut into serial 5 µm thick sections and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) according to laboratorial techniques.…”

<p>Evaluation of the Anti-Ulcer Activity of Hydromethanolic Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Root of <em>Rumex nepalensis</em> in Rats</p>

“…Medicinal plants possessing active principles like flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids are found to have anti-ulcer activity. 10 Leaf crude extract of Jasminiumgradiflorum, 11 Orbignyaphalerata and Euterpe edulis, 12 Azadirachta indicia, 13 Papaya carica, 14 and ribwort L. 15 possess anti-ulcer activity. Leaf crude extract of Diodiasarmentosa (Rubiaceae), Cassia nigricans (Celsapinaceae), Ficus exasperate (Moraceae) and Synclisiascabrida (Menispermaceae) are the most popularly used anti-ulcer recipes in Nigeria.…”