Antitumor effects of human recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor against rat brain tumors

Abstract

The tumoricidal effects of M-CSF were examined using two subcutaneously-transplanted rat brain tumor cell lines, 9L and T9 gliomas. In rats treated with high-dose M-CSF (16 million U/kg administered for 4 days a week for 3 weeks), 9L glioma growth was inhibited by 81.9% following subcutaneous (s.c.) injection and by 70.5% after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and T9 glioma growth was inhibited by 69.2% after i.p. injection. After short-term treatment with high-dose M-CSF (32 million U/kg administered s.c. for 6 consecutive days, 9L glioma growth was inhibited by 82.1%. All these inhibitory effects differed significantly compared with the respective untreated control groups. However, treatment with low-dose M-CSF (1.6 million U/kg administered s.c. for 4 days a week for 3 weeks) showed no significant effects against 9L and T9 glioma growth compared with the untreated controls. No significant effects of M-CSF against cell proliferation, measured as PCNA expression, were observed in any group. Significant hematopoietic effects on the leukocyte counts were observed only in the groups treated with high dose M-CSF. These results suggest that M-CSF at a high dose which produces hematopoietic effects on peripheral leukocytes inhibits the growth of gliomas. This inhibitory effect may have been due to a tumoricidal mechanism of M-CSF that depended on the production or release of some hematopoietic soluble factors, but was independent of PCNA expression by the tumors.

New Therapeutic Avenues of mCSF for Brain Diseases and Injuries

“…Injecting mCSF in rats bearing tumors has two effects depending on the dose. A low dose of mCSF has no effect regarding the tumor progression and cell recruitment, whereas an high dose of mCSF has a significant anti-tumor effect against glioma (Matsuoka et al, 1994). Similar anti-tumor effects were reported in other cancers, such as sarcoma, melanoma and lung cancer.…”

Applications of honeybee-derived products in bone tissue engineering

“…Additionally, propolis exerts a negative effect on neutrophil migration ( Franchin et al, 2016 ). Animal studies have indicated that ethanolic extracts of propolis can decrease acute and chronic inflammatory responses ( Silva et al, 2004 ; Ivanovska et al, 1995 ; Park and Kahng, 1999 ; Park et al, 1996 ; Dimov et al, 1991 ; Moriyasu et al, 1994 ). In vivo observations have shown a decreased amount of TNF-α and IL-1β secretion and an increased level of osseointegration when TiO2 nanotubes were loaded with propolis and used as Ti dental implants in rats.…”