Antitumor effect of exopolysaccharide produced by Bacillus mycoides

Farag, Mohamed; Moghannem, Saad A.; Shehabeldine, Amr M.; Azab, Mohamed Salah

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103947

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The Streptomyces group of bacteria has been recognized as the best producer of antibiotics, one of which is the new antibiotic picolinamycin which can inhibit the growth of S. aureus, as Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria (Maiti et al, 2020). Meanwhile, the second type of bacteria, namely B. mycoides, is a bacterium that can produce biosurfactants (Najafi et al, 2010) and anti-tumor polysaccharides produced (Farag et al, 2020). Both types of bacteria can inhibit growth B. cereus, Acinetobacter spp., P. vulgaris, Aeromonas spp., M. luteus, E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Lactobacillus spp., M. roseus, Alcaligenes spp., and Neisseria spp.…”

Section: Bacteria Originated From the Fly's Right And Left-wingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking The Source of Antimicrobial Production From House Fly (Musca domestica): Right-Wing of Fly Or Gut System? - A Mini-Review

Asril¹,

Rini

Oktaviani

et al. 2022

EKW

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The house fly (Musca domestica) is a vector of disease-causing bacteria because of its habit of perching and feeding on various substrates of pathogenic bacteria. His role as a disease carrier contradicts the hadith narrated by Bukhari, which is "If a fly falls into your vessel, drown it and then remove it because one of its wings carries disease and the other is the cure". This hadith indicates the presence of antimicrobial compounds produced from the body of flies. Various research reports show that the truth of this hadith is that there are antimicrobial-producing bacterial symbionts on the wings of flies (left and right) that can kill pathogenic bacteria on one of the wings or both. Antimicrobial compounds are also produced naturally in the digestive tract of flies from the larval stage to adulthood as a response to the body's defense against the presence of pathogenic bacteria in their bodies. The antimicrobial compounds are lysozyme, defensin, cecropin, diptericin, and several antimicrobial peptide compounds. This compound can also be removed mechanically through pressure (the process of immersing the fly's body in water). This shows that the process of drowning aims to extract or release antimicrobial compounds from the digestive tract of flies to neutralize pathogenic bacteria that have mixed in the liquid in specific containers. This review aims to examine various reports related to antimicrobial substances produced in flies and their evidence in this hadith.Abstrak: Lalat rumah (Musca domestica) merupakan vektor pembawa bakteri penyebab penyakit karena kebiasaan hinggap dan makan pada berbagai substrat bakteri patogen. Perannya sebagai pembawa penyakit memiliki kontradiksi dengan hadist yang diriwayatkan oleh Bukhari yaitu “Jika seekor lalat jatuh ke bejana kamu, tenggelamkanlah kemudian singkirkan, karena salah satu sayapnya membawa penyakit dan sayap lainnya adalah obatnya”. Hadist ini mengindikasikan adanya senyawa antimikroba yang dihasilkan dari tubuh lalat. Berbagai laporan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebenaran hadist ini yaitu pada sayap lalat (kiri dan kanan) terdapat bakteri simbion penghasil antimikrob yang mampu membunuh bakteri patogen pada salah satu sayap atau keduanya. Senyawa antimikrob juga dihasilkan secara alami dalam pencernaan lalat sejak tahap larva hingga dewasa sebagai respon pertahanan tubuh terhadap keberadaan bakteri patogen ditubuhnya. Senyawa antimikrob tersebut berupa lisozim, defensin, cecrofin, diptericin dan beberapa senyawa peptida antimikrob. Senyawa ini juga dapat dikeluarkan secara mekanik melalui tekanan (proses penenggelaman tubuh lalat dalam air). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa proses penenggelaman lalat kedalam air bertujuan untuk mengekstrak atau mengeluarkan senyawa antimikrob dari pencernaan lalat untuk menetralisir bakteri patogen yang telah bercampur dalam cairan di wadah tertentu. Review ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji berbagai laporan terkait senyawa antimikrob yang dihasilkan pada tubuh lalat dan pembuktiannya pada hadist tersebut.

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Section: Bacteria Originated From the Fly's Right And Left-wingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking The Source of Antimicrobial Production From House Fly (Musca domestica): Right-Wing of Fly Or Gut System? - A Mini-Review

Asril¹,

Rini

Oktaviani

et al. 2022

EKW

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The latter are secreted by cells or produced extracellularly using cell wall-anchored enzymes (28). Bacterial polysaccharides show biological (bioactive) activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory (91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97). They showed an inhibitory effect against various viruses, both DNA and RNA viruses.…”

Section: Antiviral Polysaccharides From Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antiviral Activity of Bacterial, Fungal, and Algal Polysaccharides as Bioactive Ingredients: Potential Uses for Enhancing Immune Systems and Preventing Viruses

et al. 2021

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Viral infections may cause serious human diseases. For instance, the recent appearance of the novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, has spread globally and is a serious public health concern. The consumption of healthy, proper, functional, and nutrient-rich foods has an important role in enhancing an individual's immune system and preventing viral infections. Several polysaccharides from natural sources such as algae, bacteria, and fungi have been considered as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration. They are safe, low-toxicity, biodegradable, and have biological activities. In this review, the bioactive polysaccharides derived from various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae were evaluated. Antiviral mechanisms of these polysaccharides were discussed. Finally, the potential use of microbial and algal polysaccharides as an antiviral and immune boosting strategy was addressed. The microbial polysaccharides exhibited several bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities. Some microbes are able to produce sulfated polysaccharides, which are well-known to exert a board spectrum of biological activities, especially antiviral properties. Microbial polysaccharide can inhibit various viruses using different mechanisms. Furthermore, these microbial polysaccharides are also able to modulate immune responses to prevent and/or inhibit virus infections. There are many molecular factors influencing their bioactivities, e.g., functional groups, conformations, compositions, and molecular weight. At this stage of development, microbial polysaccharides will be used as adjuvants, nutrient supplements, and for drug delivery to prevent several virus infections, especially SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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“…Among a myriad of resources, recently, marine polysaccharides extracted from macro- and microalgae and bacteria have attracted the attention researchers worldwide [ 80 ]. The biocompatibility, biodegradability, adhesivity, diversity of chemical structures, low toxicity, and the ability to form hydrogels in marine polysaccharides [ 4 , 81 , 82 , 83 ] resulted in their vast use not only in food and cosmetic industries, but also led to their applications as materials for the incorporation of bioactive agents in drug delivery systems [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ].…”

Section: Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are marine polysaccharides produced by marine bacteria [ 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 ], fungi [ 199 , 200 ], and microalgae [ 201 , 202 , 203 ] with new chemical and physical properties compared to polysaccharides produced by macro algae. The antioxidant function [ 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 ], preventing microbial infections [ 202 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 213 ], anticancer activity [ 86 , 92 , 201 , 214 , 215 ], healing bone [ 216 , 217 ], anticoagulant properties [ 218 ], antiviral activity [ 219 , 220 , 221 , 222 , 223 ], anti-inflammatory effects [ 224 ], potential for skin or cartilage grafting [ 222 , 225 ], inhibiting osteoclastogenesis [ 226 ], and promoting skin wound healing [ 227 ] ( Figure 2 ). An overview showed high diversity of biological properties, as well as the high potential of marine polysaccharide as multifunctional carriers in drug delivery systems and tissue engineering.…”

Section: Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Carbohydrate Polymers—Between Myth and Reality

et al. 2021

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Polysaccharides are complex macromolecules long regarded as energetic storage resources or as components of plant and fungal cell walls. They have also been described as plant mucilages or microbial exopolysaccharides. The development of glycosciences has led to a partial and difficult deciphering of their other biological functions in living organisms. The objectives of glycobiochemistry and glycobiology are currently to correlate some structural features of polysaccharides with some biological responses in the producing organisms or in another one. In this context, the literature focusing on bioactive polysaccharides has increased exponentially during the last two decades, being sometimes very optimistic for some new applications of bioactive polysaccharides, notably in the medical field. Therefore, this review aims to examine bioactive polysaccharide, taking a critical look of the different biological activities reported by authors and the reality of the market. It focuses also on the chemical, biochemical, enzymatic, and physical modifications of these biopolymers to optimize their potential as bioactive agents.

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Antitumor effect of exopolysaccharide produced by Bacillus mycoides

Cited by 39 publications

References 48 publications

Tracking The Source of Antimicrobial Production From House Fly (Musca domestica): Right-Wing of Fly Or Gut System? - A Mini-Review

Tracking The Source of Antimicrobial Production From House Fly (Musca domestica): Right-Wing of Fly Or Gut System? - A Mini-Review

The Antiviral Activity of Bacterial, Fungal, and Algal Polysaccharides as Bioactive Ingredients: Potential Uses for Enhancing Immune Systems and Preventing Viruses

Bioactive Carbohydrate Polymers—Between Myth and Reality

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