Antithyroid and Other Organ‐specific Antibodies in Saudi Arab Diabetic and Normal Children

Abdullah, Mohamed Ahmed; Bahakim, Hassan M.; Rab, M.O. Gad Al; Halim, K.; Salman, Hussein; Abanamy, Ahmed

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1990.tb01307.x

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, it is similar to the prevalence found in Iranian children (39.6s%) [ 17 ]. Our results are considerably higher than those found in either Libyan [ 6 ], Jordanian [ 9 ], Saudi Arabian [ 13 ] and Sudanese children [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…The age-standardized incidence in children aged 0–14 years in Kuwait between 1992 and 1999 was reported as 20.9/100,000 [ 10 ]. Studies on the prevalence of Th-AA in Arab children with type 1 diabetes are scarce [ 6 , 13 , 14 ], and longitudinal studies assessing the risk of Th-AA are lacking. Therefore, we undertook this study to (1) investigate the prevalence and natural history of Th-AA among Arab children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait and (2) determine the clinical significance of the detection of TAA as a marker for autoimmune thyroid disease in children with type 1 diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in Kuwait

et al. 2015

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait. Subjects and Methods: Ina mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal study,anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) were measured in 232 subjects (118 males and 114 females) with type 1 diabetes. Results: The mean age of the total study population was 10.9 ± 3.6 years (range 1-21), and the median diabetes duration was 3.9 years (range 0-16). At the initial screening, 57 out of 232 (24.6%) patients had positive antibodies, and of the remaining 175 patients, who were antibody negative,131 (74.3%) were followed up for 4-9 years. 23 out of these 131 (17.7%) patients became antibody positive, with a cumulative prevalence of elevated antibodies of 34.5%. Anti-TPO was present in 34 (14.7%), anti-TG in 23 (9.9%) and both antibodies in 23 (9.9%) patients. Thyroid antibodies presented early within the first 5 years of the onset of diabetes (63.2 vs. 36.8%, p < 0.05). The prevalence of elevated thyroid antibodies increased after the onset of puberty in both females and males (p < 0.0001). A total of 58.7% of the patients with positive antibodies were females compared to 41% males (p < 0.0001). The basal thyroid-stimulating hormone was higher in subjects with positive antibodies (5.1 ± 10.7 mIU/l) compared to those who were antibody negative (1.79 ± 0.87 mIU/l, p < 0.001). Furthermore, 30 out of 232 (12.9%) patients developed thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion: In this study, a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmune antibodies was found in patients either at the onset of type 1 diabetes or within the 4-9 years of follow-up.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in Kuwait

et al. 2015

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“…The HLA haplotype of class II DQB1 0201/0202 -DR104 was found to be associated with type 1 diabetes in Saudi patients whereas the presence of DPB1-0401 is protective against the disease, suggesting that the haplotype DR4 confers risk of the disease in the same way it does in other population groups. 19 Immune markers for endocrine disease were assessed in a group of diabetic children and normal controls by Abdullah et al 20 Of the Saudi diabetic children, 14.6% were positive for islet cell antibodies vs 2.2% of the normal controls. Of interest, 56% of those tested at the onset of diabetes were positive for those antibodies.…”

Section: Specific Diabetes Syndromesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Clinical and Complications Profile of Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Review

Elhadd

Al-Amoudi

Alzahrani

2007

Annals of Saudi Medicine

104

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Diabetes mellitus is emerging as a major public health probelm in Saudi Arabia in parallel with the worldwide diabetes pandemic, which is having a particular impact upon the Middle East and the third world. This pandemic has accompanied the adoption of a modern lifestyle and the abandonment of a traditional lifestyle, with a resultant increase in rates of obesity and other chronic non-communicable diseases. The indigenous Saudi population seems to have a special genetic predisposition to develop type 2 diabetes, which is further amplified by a rise in obesity rates, a high rate of consanguinity and the presence of other variables of the insulin resistance syndrome. We highlight the epidemiology, clinical and complications profiles of diabetes in Saudi people. Diabetes is well studied in Saudi Arabia; however, there seems to be little research in the area of education and health care delivery. This is of paramount importance to offset the perceived impact on health care delivery services, to lessen chronic diabetes complications, and to reduce the expected morbidity and mortality from diabetes.

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“…In two recent studies from Sudan [22, 23], the reported prevalence of ICA in children and young adults with IDDIM was 42 and 63% at diagnosis. These frequencies were much higher than reported in Africans and black Americans [16, 24, 25], as well as from the Arab World [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Classification of newly‐onset IDDIM and NIDDIM in subjects aged 25–45 years in Sudan

Elbagir

Eltom

Berne

1998

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Objectives. To investigate the ability of classifying diabetes mellitus with clinical and biochemical characteristics at diagnosis in 25᎐45 years old patients. Design. We determined age, body mass index (BMI), ICA, fasting C-peptide and HbA 1c at diagnosis, and after 4᎐27 months follow up, these variables were related to the type of treatment. Setting. Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Sudan. Subjects. Eighty-six consecutive newly diagnosed diabetic patients, according to WHO criteria, were included. Results. At diagnosis, 27 patients (31.4%) were treated with insulin and 59 (68.6%) with diet and/or oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA). Insulin-treated patients at diagnosis were younger, had lower BMI and higher HbA 1c . In the non-insulin treated group at diagnosis, ICA-negative patients (n ϭ 54) had higher fasting Cpeptide (P Ͻ 0.05) than ICA-positive. The treatment was changed from insulin to diet and/or OHA in 17 patients, and to insulin in six patients. Patients who discontinued insulin had already at diagnosis higher BMI and higher fasting C-peptide concentration (P Ͻ 0.005 and P Ͻ 0.05, respectively) than patients remained on insulin. The positive predictive values for insulin treatment of ICA positivity, low fasting Cpeptide, and low BMI were 90, 78 and 73%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for these variables in concurrence were, respectively, 85, 92 and 69%. Conclusion. The clinical classification of newlydiagnosed young Sudanese patients was satisfactory. With regular follow up and early commencement of appropriate treatment, good glycaemic control is certainly attainable. BMI is potentially valuable for the clinical classification in such patients. ICA and fasting serum C-peptide facilitate the choice of insulin treatment, but cost is a limit to large-scale use of these tests.

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Antithyroid and Other Organ‐specific Antibodies in Saudi Arab Diabetic and Normal Children

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in Kuwait

Prevalence of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in Kuwait

Epidemiology, Clinical and Complications Profile of Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Review

Classification of newly‐onset IDDIM and NIDDIM in subjects aged 25–45 years in Sudan

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