Antithrombotic Therapy for Acute Coronary Syndromes

Cell Adhesion Molecules for Targeted Drug Delivery

“…2a) and developed as drugs to treat thrombosis,70 cancer,71 and wounds 72. Integrilin®73,74 and Aggrastat®75–77 (Fig. 3) are two antithrombic drugs that are currently on the market.…”

Newer Pharmacotherapy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: A Guide for Pharmacists and Other Health Care Professionals

“…11 Clopidogrel is extensively metabolized by the liver. 7,13 Clinically significant drug interactions with the thienopyridines are limited. Although some investigators have contented that atorvastatin and other 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) metabolized by the same CYP system reduce the efficacy of clopidogrel, others contend that there are no clinically significant interactions between statins and clopidogrel.…”

“…The clearance of abciximab is complex and not completely characterized, although it is known that 12 hours after discontinuation of treatment, approximately 75% of receptors remain occupied, and some pharmacologic effects of abciximab persist for more than 24 hours after drug discontinuation. 13,52,53 As eptifibatide and tirofiban are primarily renally excreted, dosage reductions in patients with renal insufficiency are indicated.…”

“…Compared with UFH, which has an antifactor Xa:antifactor IIa activity ratio of 1:1, LMWH confers greater inhibition of factor Xa (antifactor Xa:antifactor IIa ratios ranging from 2.6:1 to 3.7:1), thus exerting its principal anticoagulant effects "higher up" in the coagulation cascade. 13,82 When administered subcutaneously, LMWH is almost completely absorbed. The half-life of LMWH is 2-4 hours after intravenous injection and 3-6 hours after subcutaneous injection.…”

The Prevention of Atherothrombotic Events in Adults with Acute Coronary Syndromes

“…Clinical management of ACS is complicated by the fact that no simple definition exists: diagnosis is based on a combination of patient history, presenting symptoms, ECG findings and the presence/absence of biomarkers considered specific for myocardial damage. 1,[7][8][9] As yet, there are no international standards applied, although attempts have been made to address this through the establishment of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) which has permitted observation of the variation in hospital management and outcomes of ACS around the world. 10,11 However, despite such variation, many aspects of clinical management remain the same, including the concept of risk stratification.…”