Antispasmodic effects of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) extracts and juice and their potential use in gastrointestinal disorders

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Phytotherapy has an important role in the functional gastrointestinal and motility disorder prevention and treatment. OBJECTIVE:The aims of our study were to analyze the chemical composition and the antispasmodic activity of the dry black chokeberry ethanolic extract, waste extract and the juice in the isolated rat ileum. METHODS: The anthocyanins and flavonoids quantification was carried out by the spectrophotometric method using the HPLC instrument. The study examined the influence of the chokeberry preparations and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, the main anthocyanin compound, on the spontaneous, acetylcholine and KCl-induced ileum smooth muscle contraction, as well as on the contractions induced by histamine, CaCl 2 and BaCl 2 and contractions in the presence of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME). RESULTS: In all the examined preparations, the most abundant compounds were anthocyanins, especially cyanidin heterosides. The highest content of polyphenols and anthocyanins was found in the chokeberry waste extract. Among the chokeberry preparations, the ethanolic extract had the highest flavonoid concentration. The chokeberry preparations and cyanidin-3-Ogalactoside in a concentration dependent manner significantly relaxed the rat ileum spontaneous and induced contractions. The results demonstrated that the nitric-oxide pathway was not involved in the relaxant activity of the chokeberry extracts and juice. CONCLUSIONS:The study demonstrated that the chokeberry preparations were able to relax contractions in the isolated rat ileum.

An In Vitro and In Silico Characterization of Salvia sclarea L. Methanolic Extracts as Spasmolytic Agents

“…The result of the spasmolytic effect of each extract concentration was expressed as a percentage in relation to the initial spontaneous activity of the isolated ileum (% of inhibition of ileal contractility). Papaverine was used as a positive control with the concentrations of 0.01–3 μg/mL [ 25 ].…”

“…The relaxations of the ileum smooth muscles, pre-contracted with potassium ions, were expressed as the percentage of the control response mediated by potassium ions. The same procedure was carried out with a calcium channel antagonist, verapamil, with the concentrations range of 0.015–1.5 μg/mL [ 25 ].…”

“…The spasmolytic effects of the S. sclarea extracts were presented through a series of curves showing the contractile effect of acetylcholine (%) in the presence of the extracts compared with the effect of acetylcholine without them. The same procedure was repeated with atropine (140 nM), a non-selective muscarinic receptor blocker [ 25 ].…”

Comparison of Health-Relevant Polyphenolic Component Content and Bioavailability of Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus L.), Blueberry (Vaccinium Sect. Cyanococcus Rydb.) and Chokeberry (Aronia Melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)

“…The total polyphenol contents of chokeberry range from 1.1 g to 3.0 g gallic acid equivalents per 100 g FW (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), and the total anthocyanin contents are between 249 mg and 737 mg/100 g FW (cyanidin-3-Ogalactoside equivalent) and 9.06 ± 5.06 mg cyanidin-3-O-galactoside equivalents per g DW by liquid chromatography [48][49][50]. Six pure anthocyanin mixtures were used as the standards, and the HPLC results showed that the total anthocyanin content of chokeberries is 1480 mg/100 g FW [51].…”

Designing the Quality Characteristics of Berry Processing Byproducts Using Fermentation

“…Chokeberry [6,7], blackcurrant [8,9], raspberry [10,11], and strawberry [12,13] represent fruits with a high content of polyphenolic compounds. Their immunity-strengthening, 2 of 12 anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties have previously been reported [14][15][16][17].…”