Antiseizure Medication Concentrations During Pregnancy

Pennell, Page B.; Karanam, Ashwin; Meador, Kimford J.; Gerard, Elizabeth E.; Kalayjian, Laura A.; Penovich, Patricia; Matthews, Abigail; McElrath, Thomas; Birnbaum, Angela K.

doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5487

Cited by 46 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…[ 9 ] Moreover, considering the genetic heterogeneity under the narrow therapeutic window, frequent therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is always indispensable to avoid intoxication, which is rather time and energy consuming. [ 10 ] On the other side, in terms of physical neuromodulation, it could be a promising substitute or supplement for drug therapy based on the irritability of neurons and plasticity of synapses, [ 11 ] and currently, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been relatively widely accepted in clinic for the treatments of insomnia, depressive disorder, and so on, with its merits of noninvasiveness and painlessness. [ 12 ] Unfortunately, the uneven skull attenuation, the mismatch between bulky machines and blurred scalp markers, as well as the traditional reliance on manual coil movement and parameter adaption, unsurprisingly impose restrictions on the accuracy of stimulation, making the exact therapeutic effects far from satisfaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Temporally‐Spatially Precise Technologies for On‐Demand Neurological Disorder Intervention

2023

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Temporal‐spatial precision has attracted increasing attention for the clinical intervention of neurological disorders (NDs) to mitigate adverse effects of traditional treatments and achieve point‐of‐care medicine. Inspiring steps forward in this field have been witnessed in recent years, giving the credit to multi‐discipline efforts from neurobiology, bioengineering, chemical materials, artificial intelligence, and so on, exhibiting valuable clinical translation potential. In this review, the latest progress in advanced temporally‐spatially precise clinical intervention is highlighted, including localized parenchyma drug delivery, precise neuromodulation, as well as biological signal detection to trigger closed‐loop control. Their clinical potential in both central and peripheral nervous systems is illustrated meticulously related to typical diseases. The challenges relative to biosafety and scaled production as well as their future perspectives are also discussed in detail. Notably, these intelligent temporally‐spatially precision intervention systems could lead the frontier in the near future, demonstrating significant clinical value to support billions of patients plagued with NDs.

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