Antiresonant Reflecting Guidance and Mach-Zender Interference in Cascaded Hollow-Core Fibers for Multi-Parameter Sensing

Hou, Maoxiang; He, Jun; Xu, Xizhen; Li, Ziliang; Zhang, Zhe; Guo, Kuikui; Ju, Shuai; Wang, Yiping

doi:10.3390/s18124140

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Antiresonant reflecting guidance has been realized in various types of optical waveguides for sensing purposes in the past few years [1][2][3][4]. Physical parameters including temperature [5], strain [6], curvature [7], displacement [1], liquid level [8], as well as magnetic fields [9] are detected by employing a fiber structure based on such mechanism. The idea of antiresonant reflecting guidance for sensing purposes originates from this type of optical fiber known as the anti-resonant hollow-core fiber (AR-HCF) [10][11][12], the claddings of which are designed and fabricated to reduce transmission loss, and the hollow-core nested anti-resonant nodeless fiber (HC-NANF) is the most common [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Modified Anti-Resonant Reflecting Guidance in Silica Capillary for Sensing Applications

et al. 2022

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In this work, the transmission characteristic of a single mode fiber-silica capillary-single mode fiber (SMF-Capillary-SMF) structure is modified by introducing liquids inside and outside the silica capillary. The anti-resonant reflecting guidance mechanism in the silica capillary is influenced by the presence of the liquids. By immersing a section of liquid-filled SMF-Capillary-SMF structure into liquids, both the resonant wavelength and transmission intensity are altered due to a liquid-modified resonant condition. Temperature change will lead to the refractive index (RI) variation of liquids, causing the resonant wavelength to shift. Experimental results indicate that the temperature sensitivity is dependent on the RI value of the liquids, and the liquid temperature sensitivity of 2.99 nm/℃ is experimentally achieved in the temperature range of 25 ℃-60 ℃ when the liquid RI is 1.39. On the other hand, the transmission intensity at resonant wavelength, which is determined by the reflectivity at the inner and outer surfaces of the ring cladding, can be affected when the RI of the ambient liquid changes. The intensity at resonant wavelength increases as the ambient RI rises, and the RI sensitivity varies from 240 dB/RIU to 60 dB/RIU in the RI range of 1.31 to 1.39. Such a device is simple and easy to fabricate, which can find wide applications in liquid environments like biochemical and pharmacy industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Modified Anti-Resonant Reflecting Guidance in Silica Capillary for Sensing Applications

et al. 2022

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“…A functionalized colloid has been filled in the air core of an HCF to increase its temperature sensitivity [16]. Many functional films coated on the surface of an HCF have been demonstrated in a wide range of applications in humidity [17], temperature [18], twist [19], curvature [20], displacement [21], and gas RI [22,23]. The HCF can also be preprocessed through a femtosecond laser drilling hole to detect the outside air pressure [24,25].…”

Section: Iintroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity Modulated Gas RI Sensor Based on Inornate Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber With Ultrahigh Sensitivity

Hou

Wang

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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A gas refractive index (RI) sensor based on an inornate antiresonant hollow-core fiber (HCF) was theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. The transmission spectra evolution of the proposed sensor and the resonance intensity variations to the surrounding gas RI were simulated. Theoretical analysis found that the intensity sensitivity of inornate HCF is higher than that of coated HCF. In the experiment, a sensor with a 5 mm-long HCF provided exceptional sensitivity-as high as 2236.1 dB/RIU. The sensitivity was enhanced by improving the resonance intensity of the inornate HCF, which could be further improved by increasing the HCF length. In addition, temperature sensing was performed to resolve the temperature cross-sensitivity issue using a wavelength interrogation method. The proposed RI sensor exhibited the advantages of easily manufactured and with ultrahigh sensitivity.

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Strain-, curvature- and twist-independent temperature sensor based on a small air core hollow core fiber structure

Liu

et al. 2021

Opt. Express

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Cross-sensitivity (crosstalk) to multiple parameters is a serious but common issue for most sensors and can significantly decrease the usefulness and detection accuracy of sensors. In this work, a high sensitivity temperature sensor based on a small air core (10 µm) hollow core fiber (SACHCF) structure is proposed. Co-excitation of both anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) guiding mechanisms in transmission are demonstrated. It is found that the strain sensitivity of the proposed SACHCF structure is decreased over one order of magnitude when a double phase condition (destructive condition of MZI and resonant condition of ARROW) is satisfied. In addition, due to its compact size and a symmetrical configuration, the SACHCF structure shows ultra-low sensitivity to curvature and twist. Experimentally, a high temperature sensitivity of 31.6 pm/°C, an ultra-low strain sensitivity of −0.01pm/µε, a curvature sensitivity of 18.25 pm/m−1, and a twist sensitivity of −22.55 pm/(rad/m) were demonstrated. The corresponding temperature cross sensitivities to strain, curvature and twist are calculated to be −0.00032 °C/µε, 0.58 °C/m−1 and 0.71 °C/(rad/m), respectively. The above cross sensitivities are one to two orders of magnitude lower than that of previously reported optical fiber temperature sensors. The proposed sensor shows a great potential to be used as a temperature sensor in practical applications where influence of multiple environmental parameters cannot be eliminated.

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Antiresonant Reflecting Guidance and Mach-Zender Interference in Cascaded Hollow-Core Fibers for Multi-Parameter Sensing

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Liquid Modified Anti-Resonant Reflecting Guidance in Silica Capillary for Sensing Applications

Liquid Modified Anti-Resonant Reflecting Guidance in Silica Capillary for Sensing Applications

Intensity Modulated Gas RI Sensor Based on Inornate Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber With Ultrahigh Sensitivity

Strain-, curvature- and twist-independent temperature sensor based on a small air core hollow core fiber structure

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