Antipyrine clearance in pneumonia

Sonne, Jesper; Døssing, Martin; Loft, Steffen; Andreasen, Per Buch

doi:10.1038/clpt.1985.117

Cited by 69 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It means that enzyme activities per unit liver volume are not lowered in old age. However, morbidities and even a subtle frailty, which is accompanied by infections that are known to impair enzyme activities of Phase I reactions (Au et al 1985, Sonne et al 1985, and (protein) malnutrition, which is known to lower activities of Phase II reactions such as GST, can lower these liver functions considerably in the elderly (Anderson et al 1982), as has been clearly shown for actaminophen by the UK group (Wynne et al 1990). …”

Section: What Really Declines With Age?mentioning

confidence: 98%

What really declines with age?

Kitani¹

2007

AGE

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In order to understand the basic mechanisms underlying the organismic aging process, considerable efforts have been devoted in the last half-century to biochemical (enzyme activity) alterations in specific tissues and organs of various organisms associated with aging. When a decline in enzyme activities with age has been found in a study, especially for key enzymes such as antioxidant enzymes, the results have often been interpreted as a cause for the aging of the entire body. Retrospectively, however, these changes turned out to be so variabledepending on species, strains and sexes of animalsthat the interpretation of these results in general terms of aging became invalid. Further, unlike the prediction for the whole human body, many enzyme activities in a vital organ, such as the liver, remained unchanged, as long as the old subjects remained healthy. However, enzyme activities in old animals and humans are often more susceptible to morbidities and frailties, which themselves are often accompanied by infections and malnutrition. Despite the rather stable enzyme functions in the liver with age, a distinct and progressive decline in the lateral diffusion coefficient of proteins of hepatocyte plasma membranes has been demonstrated by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), which was implicated as the cause for the decline of hepatocyte functions such as ouabain (and taurocholate) hepatic uptake and their eventual biliary excretion. Since a similar decline in protein diffusion coefficients was observed in brain and muscle cells, it is likely that these changes are occurring in common with many cell types of the body, thus causing a delay in transmembrane transport of endogenous and exogenous substances whose transports are mediated by membrane proteins. In attempts to prolong the life spans of animals other than by calorie restriction, but instead using deprenyl or tetrahydrocurcumin, works by the author and coworkers are introduced and discussed. Despite limited success along these lines thus far, further attempts are encouraged, primarily to understand the mechanisms underlying organismic aging processes and to find a practical way to prolong the health span of the elderly.

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Section: What Really Declines With Age?mentioning

confidence: 98%

What really declines with age?

Kitani¹

2007

AGE

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“…Inflammation has been observed clinically to reduce P450-related hepatic drug metabolism (Renton et al, 1980;Sonne et al, 1985). In human and animal experimental systems, we and others have demonstrated a significant decrease in hepatic P450 activity following induction of the acute phase response (APR) by the administration of bacterial endotoxin (LPS) (Shedlofsky et al, 1994(Shedlofsky et al, , 1997Sewer et al, 1996;Roe et al, 1998;Warren et al, 1999Warren et al, , 2001.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Induction of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and CAR Binding in TNF (p55^−/−/p75^−/−) Double Receptor Knockout Mice Following Phenobarbital Treatment

Ess

Mattson

Blouin

2002

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Phenobarbital (PB) is a well characterized inducer of cytochrome P450 (P450) 2B and 3A subfamilies. Several proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to negatively modulate the induction of P450 by PB. In addition, PB is known to elicit an inflammatory mitogenic effect on the liver. To date, no studies have evaluated the PB induction profile of hepatic P450 in the absence of an intact tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF␣) response. To test the hypothesis that endogenous TNF␣ signaling modulates hepatic P450 induction by PB in vivo, PB induction was examined in TNF (p55 Ϫ/Ϫ /p75 Ϫ/Ϫ ) double receptor knockout mice (ko-TNF) and wild-type mice (wt-TNF). CYP2B-and CYP3A-associated activities and protein content were induced to a significantly greater extent (p Ͻ 0.05) in ko-TNF mice compared with wt-TNF mice. In parallel with enhanced CYP2B induction, an apparent elevation in the nuclear accumulation of the principal regulatory protein for transcription of CYP2B genes, the constitutively activated receptor (CAR), was detected in ko-TNF nuclear extracts following PB treatment. Additionally, nuclear factor -B binding was induced by PB in wt-TNF mice, but not in ko-TNF mice, indicating that the hepatic inflammatory response following PB treatment differed between wt-TNF and ko-TNF mice. These data demonstrate that endogenous TNF␣ signaling modulates PB induction of hepatic CYP2B and CYP3A isoforms in vivo. Further, the data presented herein suggest that endogenous TNF␣ signaling influences PB induction of CYP2B through inhibition of CAR nuclear accumulation.

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“…Actually, numerous reports have documented that influenza infections reduce the rate of biotransformation of theophylline and other drugs (Cheng and Morgan, 2001;Renton, 2001). Moreover, bacterial respiratory infections, as well as chronic obstructive lung disease, reduce the ability of the organism to clear xenobiotics (Sonne et al, 1985). Other causes of inflammation, such as elective surgery, reduce the activity of CYP3A4 (Haas et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Cyp1a2 and Cyp3a6 Catalytic Activities by Serum From Rabbits With a Turpentine-Induced Inflammatory Reaction and Interleukin 6

Kourylko

Fradette²,

Arcand³

et al. 2005

Drug Metab Dispos

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ABSTRACT:Inflammatory reactions reduce the activity of cytochrome P450 isoforms. The aim of the study was to determine the mechanisms underlying the decrease in CYP1A2 and CYP3A6 catalytic activities produced by serum from rabbits with a turpentine-induced inflammatory reaction (S TIIR ) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). S TIIR and IL-6 were incubated with cultured primary hepatocytes from control rabbits (H CONT ), and from rabbits with a turpentine-induced inflammatory reaction (H TIIR ) in the absence or presence of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an antioxidant and inhibitor of nuclear factor B transcription; 2-amino-3-methoxyflavone (PD98059), an inhibitor of extracellular signal-related kinase (Erk1/2); 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)1H-imidazole (SB203580), an inhibitor of p38MAPK; N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of nitric-oxide synthase 2 (NOS2); the combination of PDTC, PD98059, and SB203580; and genistein, an inhibitor of Janus-associated protein tyrosine kinase (JAK). After 4 and 24 h of incubation of H CONT with S TIIR and IL-6, CYP1A2 activity was reduced without changes in expression; the reduction in activity was partially prevented by the inhibition of JAK, Erk1/2, and NOS2. In H CONT , S TIIR and IL-6 did not affect CYP3A6 activity; however, PDTC reduced CYP3A6 activity by 40 and 80% after 4 and 24 h of incubation. In H TIIR , S TIIR and IL-6 reduced both CYP1A2 and CYP3A6 activities; this decrease is partially prevented by inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinases, Erk1/2, and NOS2. In H TIIR , SB203580 increased CYP3A6 activity in a dose-dependent manner without changes in protein expression. These results show that the signal transduction pathways mediating the decrease in CYP1A2 and 3A6 activity, produced by S TIIR and IL-6, involve JAK, Erk1/2, and NOS2.There is considerable evidence that in humans an inflammatory reaction can diminish the activity of the cytochrome P450 (P450) superfamily . The first documented observation reported that an upper respiratory viral infection in asthmatic children increased theophylline plasma concentrations and half-life (Chang et al., 1978). Actually, numerous reports have documented that influenza infections reduce the rate of biotransformation of theophylline and other drugs (Cheng and Morgan, 2001;Renton, 2001). Moreover, bacterial respiratory infections, as well as chronic obstructive lung disease, reduce the ability of the organism to clear xenobiotics (Sonne et al., 1985). Other causes of inflammation, such as elective surgery, reduce the activity of CYP3A4 (Haas et al., 2003). Using animal models, it has been shown that various models of inflammation, such as the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), turpentine, and carrageenan depress the activity of the P450 (Cheng and Morgan, 2001;Renton, 2001).Already in 1978, the decrease in theophylline clearance was attributed to the down-regulation of P450 isoforms (Renton, 1978). Since then, many reports have confirmed that an inflammatory reaction triggers the release of...

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Antipyrine clearance in pneumonia

Cited by 69 publications

References 3 publications

What really declines with age?

What really declines with age?

Enhanced Induction of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and CAR Binding in TNF (p55^−/−/p75^−/−) Double Receptor Knockout Mice Following Phenobarbital Treatment

Modulation of Cyp1a2 and Cyp3a6 Catalytic Activities by Serum From Rabbits With a Turpentine-Induced Inflammatory Reaction and Interleukin 6

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Antipyrine clearance in pneumonia

Cited by 69 publications

References 3 publications

What really declines with age?

What really declines with age?

Enhanced Induction of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and CAR Binding in TNF (p55−/−/p75−/−) Double Receptor Knockout Mice Following Phenobarbital Treatment

Modulation of Cyp1a2 and Cyp3a6 Catalytic Activities by Serum From Rabbits With a Turpentine-Induced Inflammatory Reaction and Interleukin 6

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Enhanced Induction of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and CAR Binding in TNF (p55^−/−/p75^−/−) Double Receptor Knockout Mice Following Phenobarbital Treatment