Antiproliferative ability of a combination regimen of crocodile egg extract, wild radix ginseng and natural Ganoderma lucidum on acute myelogenous leukemia

Abstract

Abstract.Chinese practitioners have employed the use of traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-cancer agent since the ancient period. Different combinations have been formulated for various purposes. Some have been claimed for postchemotherapy use but their direct actions on cancer cells may not be significantly reported. In the present study, we have tested the possible anti-leukemia potential of a combination regimen including crocodile egg extract, wild radix ginseng and natural Ganoderma lucidum (CGG extract) on acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in vitro. A water soluble CGG extract was prepared and its antiproliferative activity was tested on the KG1a AML cell line and two freshly prepared bone marrow aspirate samples isolated from patients with de novo AML during presentation by a MTS/PMS assay. Furthermore, the possible activity of the CGG extract on the regeneration potential of KG1a cells was also investigated using a semi-solid methyl-cellulose colony formation assay. Lastly, the acute toxicity of CGG extract was further examined by a single high-dose oral feeding to rats. We found that the CGG extract could possess significant antiproliferative activity on AML cells. A strong colony formation inhibition was further demonstrated on KG1a cells. After feeding the rats with an excessive dose of CGG extract, we observed no development of acute toxicity. We concluded that the CGG extract has growth inhibitory potential on KG1a cells and AML bone marrow samples in vitro. An in vivo toxicity test revealed that no acute toxicity was observed after feeding the rats a high dosage of the CGG extract. Further animal model tests are necessary to investigate the possible chronic toxicity of the CGG extract.

Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin

“…Finally, Ganoderma remarkably prevented the colony formation of Skov3 cells dose-dependently. A similar potency has been shown in breast cancer and myelogenous leukemia cells (29)(30)(31). Thus, our findings strongly suggest that Ganoderma has anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells.…”

Functional Roles of Syk in Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses

“…Syk is expressed and activated in the synovium of RA [104]. Activated Syk increases TNF- α -induced cytokine expression through the suppression of JNK signaling in fibroblast-like synoviocytes [104].…”

Active lipids of Ganoderma lucidum spores-induced apoptosis in human leukemia THP-1 cells via MAPK and PI3K pathways

“…The fruit bodies, cultured mycelia and spores of Ganoderma lucidum were reported to be effective in the treatment of chronic hepatopathy, hypertension, hyperglycemia and cancer (Hong et al, 2004;Sliva, 2006;Liu et al, 2009). Many reports showed Ganoderma lucidum to possess antiproliferative effects on many cancers, such as acute myelogenous leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer (Chui et al, 2006;Kashimoto et al, 2006;Thyagarajan et al, 2006;Xie et al, 2006;Yue et al, 2006). It was also demonstrated that Ganoderma lucidum extract has a profound activity against leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma cells and may be a novel adjunctive therapy for the treatment of hematologic malignancies (Müller et al, 2006).…”