Antiplasmodial effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Senna alata and Dennettia tripetalla in chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei (NK65) infected mice

Abstract

The antiplasmodial effects of Senna alata and Dennettia tripetalla on chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei (NK65) were analysed. P. berghei was obtained from National Institute for Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria, and maintained in the laboratory by serial passage in mice. Chemosuppressive, prophylactic, and curative procedures were used to evaluate the antiplasmodial potentials of the extracts against established infection. A total of 320 albino mice were used for this study. Twenty-five albino mice were divided into 5 groups and used for D. tripetalla acute toxicity study. Eighty-five albino mice were divided into 15 groups of five albino mice each and used for chemosuppressive tests while two hundred and ten mice were used for prophylactic and curative tests. The infected mice were orally treated daily with 5mg/kg chloroquine 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg body weight of S. alata, D. tripetalla, and S. alata + D. tripetalla respectively. The in vivo antiplasmodial effect of the extracts against P. berghei infection showed a significant (p?0.05) dose-dependent schizontocidal activity for the chemosuppressive, and prophylactic test. Results of the curative study showed that the combination of both S. alata and D. tripetalla exhibited a strong curative effect on malaria parasitaemia. There was a significant clearance (p?0.05) in parasiteamia level from day 1 to day 5 of treatment in a dose-dependent manner with a corresponding significant (p?0.05) percentage suppression. It was therefore concluded that the leaf extracts of S. alata and D. tripetalla possess antimalarial potencies which could be exploited for antimalarial therapy.

Phytochemical Composition and Antiplasmodial Potential of Fruit Extract of Hunteria umbellata on Chloroquine-Sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei (NK65)-Infected Albino Mice

“…The curative result is in line with the research done by Onyegeme-Okerenta et al 13 . The result indicated that there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the percentage parastaemia with an increase in dosage concentrations of the extract.…”

“…It was discovered to be cytotoxic against breast cancer cell lines (MCF7) and to have substantial antioxidant and antinociceptive activity, as well as antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and diuretic property. It is a precursor of synthetic vitamin E and vitamin K1 [49][50][51] .…”

Pharmacological Efficacy of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Justicia secunda in Swiss Albino Mice Experimentally Infected with Plasmodium berghei

“…The suppressive test was conducted, and the inception was precisely three (3) hours after the infection of mice for a four-day duration using thirty (30) mice. These tests were performed using the method of Onyegeme-Okerentaa et al [19], with a slight modi cation. Groups 1-3 were the control groups treated with 1 mL of normal saline (the negative control), 25 mg/kg of chloroquine (the positive control), and the uninfected and untreated groups (the normal control), respectively.…”

The ameliorative potential of aqueous extract of <i>Hunteria unbellata</i> on alloxan—induced diabetes and hyperlipidemia in Wistar rats

“…The seed, pulp, and bark of H. umbellata are commonly prepared as an infusion and have been reported to be effective against fever, leprosy, sores, menstrual disturbances, and infertility. Additionally, the seeds of this plant are used in the local management of diabetes mellitus (Olumide et al, 2021) while the unripe fruit is used in the management of malaria (Onyegeme-Okerenta et al, 2023). From the evaluation made by various scientists and researchers, it can be deduced that numerous bioactive concept with known biological usefulness is present in the extracts of H. umbellata and might be responsible for the observed biological and pharmacological activities.…”