Antiplasmodial activity of methanol leaf extract of Citrus aurantifolia (Christm) Swingle

Abstract

Introduction: Citrus aurantifolia (Christm) is a plant used for the treatment of various ailments including malaria. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo antiplasmodial efficacy of methanol leaf extract of C. aurantifolia in Swiss albino mice. Methods: The median lethal dose (LD50) was determined by intraperitoneal administration of different doses of the extract (100–4000 mg/kg) to 6 groups of 3 mice each and the animals were observed for 24 hours for physical signs of toxicity. To evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of the extract, three models were used: suppressive, curative and repository. Doses of the extract used were 320, 640 and 960 mg/kg/d in mice, with Chloroquine (5 mg/kg/d) as standard drug. Pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg/d) was used as the standard drug for the repository test and distilled water (10 mL/kg/d) as control in all models. Results: In all models, the low dose (320 mg/kg) of the extract produced the highest chemosuppressive effects in all models (P < 0.001). Mice treated with extract lived longer than those in the control group (P < 0.001). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and cardiac glycosides and the LD50 of 3280 mg/kg ± 0.01 shows that the extract has low toxicity. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that C. aurantifolia has antiplasmodial properties which support its use in ethnomedicine in the treatment of malaria.

In vivo anthelmintic activity of Eleusine indica extracts against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats

“…Upon administering higher doses, moderate inflammation was recorded in the spleen and lungs, and moderate interstitial fibrosis was noted in the lungs. The extract was administered on alternate days for 28 days [ 23 ]. This might have caused such results, given the prolonged administration of the extract and the potential overdose from the extract.…”

Bioactive Components and Their Activities from Different Parts of Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle for Food Development

“…This effect is associated with compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides, which have low toxicity with LC 50 values of 3280 mg/kg ± 0.01. This shows that C. aurantifolia has anti-plasmodium properties, which may be used in ethnomedicine in the treatment of malaria [123].…”

Diversity and Population of Weed Propagule in Two Rice Cropping Systems

“…The species' exact origin is unclear, but it is thought to have originated in Africa and Asia. Still, it has become widespread throughout tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and South America [55]. This species is generally in disturbed habitats in natural areas and the periphery of conservation areas, such as roads, swamps, river banks, and coastal environments E. indica is one of the worst agricultural weeds in the world.…”