Antiplasmodial activity of alkaloid extracts from Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum) and Acanthospermum hispidum (DC), two plants used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso

Abstract

In the course of the search for new antimalarial compounds, a study of plants traditionally used against malaria in Burkina Faso was made. An ethnobotanical study permitted the identification of plants currently used by the traditional healers and herbalists. Two plants among them were selected for further study: Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum) and Acanthospermum hispidum (DC). Alkaloid extracts of these plants were tested in vitro against two reference clones of Plasmodium falciparum: the W2 chloroquine-resistant and the D6 chloroquine-sensitive strains. Significant inhibitory activity was observed with Pavetta crassipes (IC(50)=1.23 microg/ml) and A. hispidum (IC(50)=5.02 microg/ml). Antiplasmodial activity was also evaluated against six Plasmodium falciparum isolates from children between 4 and 10 years old. The IC(50) values for the alkaloid extracts were in the range 25-670 ng/ml. These results indicated that P. falciparum wild strains were more sensitive to the alkaloid extracts than strains maintained in continuous culture. Moreover, the alkaloid extracts exhibit good in vitro antimalarial activity and weak cytotoxicity against three human cell lines (THP1, normal melanocytes, HTB-66). Isolation and structural determination are now necessary in order to precisely determine the active compounds.

In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates to extracts from Cameroonian Annonaceae plants

“…The fresh P. falciparum isolates were 10-20-fold more sensitive to the tested fractions, compared to the results obtained by Boyom et al (2009) with the same extracts against the W2 reference strain. They were comparable to the findings of Sanon et al (2003), who described similar variability of results from the assessment of the antiplasmodial activity of alkaloid extracts from Pavetta crassipes and Acanthospermum hispidum growing in Burkina Faso against parasite isolates.…”

Screening of antiplasmodial efficacy of Ajuga bracteosa Wall ex. Benth

“…The scientific evaluation of traditional medicinal plants has provided effective drugs for the treatment of parasitic diseases (Muregi et al 2003;Sanon et al 2003). The success of quinine and artemisinin has opened a new horizon in antimalarial drug research and increased interest in plants with medicinal properties.…”

Atribuição dos deslocamentos químicos dos átomos de ¹H e 13C do acetato de acantoaustralida

“…Uma forte atividade antiviral in vitro e baixa citotoxicidade de Acanthospermum hispidum tem sido relatada em pesquisas, utilizando alfa herpes virus (Summerfi eld et al, 1997) e HIV-1-RT (Ali et al, 2002) em cultura de células. Em 2003, foram pesquisadas as atividades antimicrobiana (Fleischer et al, 2003) e antiplasmodial (Sanon et al, 2003) do extrato de Acanthospermum hispidum, obtendo-se diferentes níveis de atividade antimicrobiana sobre bactérias Gram positivas, além de relevante atividade sobre o agente etiológico da malária Brandão et al, 1992).…”