Antiphlogistic Effects of Antiserotonin (SQ 10,643) and Aminopyrine in Rats Versus Endotoxin and Other Agents

Rubin, Bernard; Waugh, Margaret H.

doi:10.3181/00379727-119-30204

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Subsequently, we determined this compound has a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value of 125 μM for M pro . Moreover, cinanserin is a well-characterized serotonin antagonist, which underwent preliminary clinical testing in humans in the 1960s 23 and has previously been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV M pro (ref. 24 ).…”

Section: Virtual Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of Mpro from SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of its inhibitors

Jin

et al. 2020

Nature

3,656

121

4,499

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A new coronavirus (CoV) identified as COVID-19 virus is the etiological agent responsible for the 2019-2020 viral pneumonia outbreak that commenced in Wuhan [1][2][3][4] . Currently there are no targeted therapeutics and effective treatment options remain very limited. In order to rapidly discover lead compounds for clinical use, we initiated a program of combined structure-assisted drug design, virtual drug screening and high-throughput screening to identify new drug leads that target the COVID-19 virus main protease (M pro ). M pro is a key CoV enzyme, which plays a pivotal role in mediating viral replication and transcription, making it an attractive drug target for this virus 5,6 . Here, we identified a mechanism-based inhibitor, N3, by computer-aided drug design and subsequently determined the crystal structure of COVID-19 virus M pro in complex with this compound. Next, through a combination of structure-based virtual and high-throughput screening, we assayed over 10,000 compounds including approved drugs, drug candidates in clinical trials, and other pharmacologically active compounds as inhibitors of M pro . Six of these compounds inhibited M pro with IC 50 values ranging from 0.67 to 21.4 μM. Ebselen also exhibited promising antiviral activity in cell-based assays. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of this screening strategy, which can lead to the rapid discovery of drug leads with clinical potential in response to new infectious diseases for which no specific drugs or vaccines are available.CoVs infect humans and other animal species, causing a variety of highly prevalent and severe diseases, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 7 . The COVID-19 virus genome is comprised of ~30,000 nucleotides; its replicase gene encodes two overlapping polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, required for viral replication and transcription 3,4 . The functional polypeptides are released from the polyproteins by extensive proteolytic processing, predominantly by a 33.8-kDa main protease (M pro ), also referred to as the 3C-like protease. M pro digests the polyprotein at no less than 11 conserved sites, starting with the autolytic cleavage of this enzyme itself from pp1a and pp1ab 8 . The functional importance of M pro in the viral life cycle, together with the absence of closely related homologues in humans, identify the M pro as an attractive target for antiviral drug design 9 .To facilitate the rapid discovery of antiviral compounds with clinical potential, we developed a strategy combining structure-assisted drug design, virtual drug screening and high-throughput screening to repurpose existing drugs to target COVID-19 virus M pro . Establishing a high-throughput activity assayRecombinant COVID-19 virus M pro with native N and C termini was expressed in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified (Extended Data Fig. 1a, b). The molecular weight of COVID-19 virus M pro as determined by mass spectroscopy is 33797.0 Da, consistent with its theoretical molecular weight 337...

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Section: Virtual Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of Mpro from SARS-CoV-2 and discovery of its inhibitors

Jin

et al. 2020

Nature

3,656

121

4,499

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subsequently we determined this compound has an IC 50 value of 125 μM for M pro . Moreover, cinanserin is a well-characterized serotonin antagonist, which underwent preliminary clinical testing in humans in the 1960s 22 and has previously been shown to inhibit SARS-CoV M pro23 . The CC 50 of cinanserin is > 200 μM (Extended Data Fig.…”

Section: Virtual Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of M^profrom COVID-19 virus and discovery of its inhibitors

Jin

et al. 2020

Preprint

383

625

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SUMMARYA new coronavirus (CoV) identified as COVID-19 virus is the etiological agent responsible for the 2019-2020 viral pneumonia outbreak that commenced in Wuhan1–4. Currently there is no targeted therapeutics and effective treatment options remain very limited. In order to rapidly discover lead compounds for clinical use, we initiated a program of combined structure-assisted drug design, virtual drug screening and high-throughput screening to identify new drug leads that target the COVID-19 virus main protease (Mpro). Mpro is a key CoV enzyme, which plays a pivotal role in mediating viral replication and transcription, making it an attractive drug target for this virus5,6. Here, we identified a mechanism-based inhibitor, N3, by computer-aided drug design and subsequently determined the crystal structure of COVID-19 virus Mpro in complex with this compound. Next, through a combination of structure-based virtual and high-throughput screening, we assayed over 10,000 compounds including approved drugs, drug candidates in clinical trials, and other pharmacologically active compounds as inhibitors of Mpro. Six of these inhibit Mpro with IC50 values ranging from 0.67 to 21.4 μM. Ebselen also exhibited promising antiviral activity in cell-based assays. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of this screening strategy, which can lead to the rapid discovery of drug leads with clinical potential in response to new infectious diseases where no specific drugs or vaccines are available.

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