Antiparasitic Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Hydrobionts

Abstract

This review presents materials characterizing sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) of marine hydrobionts (algae and invertebrates) as potential means for the prevention and treatment of protozoa and helminthiasis. The authors have summarized the literature on the pathogenetic targets of protozoa on the host cells and on the antiparasitic potential of polysaccharides from red, brown and green algae as well as certain marine invertebrates. Information about the mechanisms of action of these unique compounds in diseases caused by protozoa has also been summarized. SPS is distinguished by high antiparasitic activity, good solubility and an almost complete absence of toxicity. In the long term, this allows for the consideration of these compounds as effective and attractive candidates on which to base drugs, biologically active food additives and functional food products with antiparasitic activity.

Dual effect of dietary seaweed of extract nanoparticles (GNS) with bionanocomposite cellulose acetate membranes (CA/bio-AgNps) on growth performance and health status of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Specification on feed utilization, immune system, and antiparasitic action

“…This study's general antiparasitic GNS actions were ascribed to the immunostimulation features of peptidoglycans or lipopolysaccharides in seaweed substances that enhance fish resistance against some parasitic diseases (Thanigaivel et al, 2016). Indeed, the general extracts of many seaweeds have pronounced antiparasitic properties; however, in the current study, they may be attributed to polysaccharides present in red algae (Besednova et al, 2021). Moreover, the inhibition is attributable to the milbemycin-oxime in GNS with high insecticidal, anthelminthic, and antiparasitic actions (Kumar et al, 2015).…”

Efficacy of Algal Nutrition on Crustacean Infestation of Some Cultured Marine Fish, Ismailia Governorate

“…High arginine concentration in Tetraselmis suecica, T.chuii and P. lutheri, considering them as better in nutritional quality [24]. SPS can compete with bacteria, viruses, and parasites for glycoprotein receptors on the surface of the host cell by binding to a variety of receptors there [9,10] and these explain why the algae should be used in the fish feed for decreasing the parasitic infestation.…”

“…Chemicals derived from marine algae, according to several experts, serve a variety of biological functions [8]. Green and brown algae, as well as invertebrates, contain sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) that may have antiprotozoal and antiparasitic properties [9]. SPS can compete with bacteria, viruses, and parasites for glycoprotein receptors on the surface of the host cell by binding to a variety of receptors there [10].…”

Coming New Age of Marine Glycomics: The Fundamental, Medical, and Ecological Aspects

“…A review by Besednova, Zaporozhets, Andryukov et al discusses the antiparasitic activity of sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) obtained from marine algae and invertebrates [ 3 ]. SPS has potential for the treatment and prevention of infections caused by several types of protozoa, as well as the prevention of helminthiasis.…”