Antioxidative Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Cerebrum Versus Cerebellum and Brainstem of Aged Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Hossain, Shahdat; Hashimoto, Michio; Gamoh, Shuji; Masumura, Sumio

doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0721133.x

Cited by 125 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Considering that DHA (10,12,71) and NPD1 (51) levels are low in the hippocampus of patients with AD, adequate intake of DHA to ensure sufficient levels for conversion to NPD1 may prevent neuronal oxidative stress related to the pathogenesis of AD. These data suggest that dietary DHA increases the antioxidant defense in the brain and the mechanism may be related to the induction of antioxidant enzymes (26,44).…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Apoptosis and Dhamentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Crucial oxidative damage has also been observed in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), suggesting an early role of oxidative stress (43). Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels are significantly lower in DHA-administered rats and reciprocally correlate with the DHA/AA ratio (26,27,44), indicating that dietary DHA contributes to the antioxidant defense, decreases oxidative stress, and protects against memory loss. This inference is consistent with the fact that DHA also increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase and reduces glutathione levels with a concomitant decrease in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cortex and hippocampus of aged and AD model rats (26,27).…”

Section: Dha and Oxidative Stress In The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective and Ameliorative Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Against Neuronal Diseases: Beneficial Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease

Hashimoto

Hossain

2011

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3), the most abundant n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain, is essential for brain growth and development. Recent evidence has indicated the potential health benefits of DHA for managing Alzheimer's disease (AD). For example, dietary administration of DHA considerably protects against and ameliorates the impairment of learning ability in amyloid-beta (Aβ) 1-40 -infused AD-model rats, with concurrent increases in DHA levels and decreases in the levels of lipid peroxide and reactive oxygen species in the cortico-hippocampal tissues. In addition, dietary DHA helps in eliminating the amyloid burden from the brains of ADmodel rats. In vitro studies have revealed that DHA substantially inhibits Aβ fibrillation. Furthermore, DHA reduces amyloid-induced toxicity in cell culture. These in vitro data support the hypothesis that DHA can ameliorate the cognitive deficits of AD in vivo by limiting Aβ polymerization in the brains. Therefore, it might be a useful therapeutic agent to prevent and/or delay cognitive impairment in mild cases of AD.

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Section: Oxidative Stress Apoptosis and Dhamentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Dha and Oxidative Stress In The Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective and Ameliorative Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Against Neuronal Diseases: Beneficial Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease

Hashimoto

Hossain

2011

J Pharmacol Sci

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“…Under conditions when the rats underwent ferric nitrilotriacetic acid (Fe-NTA) oxidative stress, the increased level of TBARS in the livers was significantly higher in the fish oil diet group than in the safflower oil diet group; however, the 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level in the livers of the rats fed the fish oil diet group was remarkably lower than that in the livers of the safflower diet group (14). Moreover, when the n-3 fatty acid-deficient old rats were given the DHA-containing diet for 4 mo, the TBARS levels in the rat brains decreased and the activities of their antioxidative enzymes increased (15). These reports suggest that DHA, which may be very susceptible to peroxidation under atmospheric conditions, does not enhance, but appears to protect against oxidative stress in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Connecting Phospholipids on the Lipid Peroxidation of the Brain in Mice

Hiratsuka

Ishihara

Kitagawa³

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryThe effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n -3) with two lipid types on lipid peroxidation of the brain was investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Each group of female Balb/c mice was fed a diet containing DHA-connecting phospholipids (DHA-PL) or DHA-connecting triacylglycerols (DHA-TG) for 5 wk. Safflower oil was fed as the control. The lipid peroxide level of the brain was significantly lower in the mice fed the DHA-PL diet when compared to those fed the DHA-TG and safflower oil diets, while the ␣ -tocopherol level was significantly higher in the mice fed the DHA-PL diet than in those fed the DHA-TG and safflower oil diets. The DHA level of phosphatidylethanolamine in the brain was significantly higher in the mice fed the DHA-PL diet than in those fed the safflower oil diet. The dimethylacetal levels were significantly higher in the mice fed the DHA-PL diet than in those fed the safflower oil and DHA-TG diets. These results suggest that the dietary DHA-connecting phospholipids have an antioxidant activity on the brain lipids in mice, and the effect may be related to the brain plasmalogen.

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“…The potential antioxidant action of DHA itself may affect mechanisms that maintain synaptic plasticity, as it has been shown that reduction of oxidative stress can protect against synaptic dysfunction (Wu et al, 2004b). This has been supported by findings that fish oil feeding (a great source of DHA) can provide anti-oxidant effects in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and aging with subsequent effects on cognition (Hashimoto et al, 2002;Hossain et al, 1999).…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 92%

Docosahexaenoic acid dietary supplementation enhances the effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and cognition

2008

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Omega-3 fatty acids (i.e., docosahexaenoic acid; DHA), similar to exercise, improve cognitive function, promote neuroplasticity, and protect against neurological lesion. In this study, we investigated a possible synergistic action between DHA dietary supplementation and voluntary exercise on modulating synaptic plasticity and cognition. Rats received DHA dietary supplementation (1.25% DHA) with or without voluntary exercise for 12 days. We found that the DHA-enriched diet significantly increased spatial learning ability, and these effects were enhanced by exercise. The DHA-enriched diet increased levels of pro-BDNF and mature BDNF, whereas the additional application of exercise boosted the levels of both. Furthermore, the levels of the activated forms of CREB and synapsin I were incremented by the DHA-enriched diet with greater elevation by the concurrent application of exercise. While the DHA diet reduced hippocampal oxidized protein levels, a combination of a DHA diet and exercise resulted in a greater reduction rate. The levels of activated forms of hippocampal Akt and CaMKII were increased by the DHAenriched diet, and with even greater elevation by a combination of diet and exercise. Akt and CaMKII signaling are crucial step by which BDNF exerts its action on synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. These results indicate that the DHA diet enhance the effects of exercise on cognition and BDNF-related synaptic plasticity, a capacity that may be used to promote mental health and reduce risk of neurological disorders. KeywordsDHA; exercise; BDNF; omega-3 fatty acids; cognitionThe separate applications of voluntary exercise and omega-3 fatty acids dietary supplementation have been shown to affect several parameters of brain plasticity and cognitive function under various experimental conditions in humans and animals (Radak et al., 2001;Churchill et al., 2002;Vaynman et al., 2004;Wu et al., 2004a). The fact that diet and exercise are coexisting components of our daily living suggests that their effects on the brain are complementary. Accordingly, studies were conducted to determine the concurrent Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptNeuroscience. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 November 4. action of diet and exercise on molecular systems associated with synaptic plasticity and cognition in the hippocampus.An increasing body of evidence supports the capacity of exercise to influence brain plasticity and function under homeostatic and challenging conditions. Studies in humans have shown that exercise can dec...

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Antioxidative Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Cerebrum Versus Cerebellum and Brainstem of Aged Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Cited by 125 publications

References 27 publications

Neuroprotective and Ameliorative Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Against Neuronal Diseases: Beneficial Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease

Neuroprotective and Ameliorative Actions of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Against Neuronal Diseases: Beneficial Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease

Effect of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Connecting Phospholipids on the Lipid Peroxidation of the Brain in Mice

Docosahexaenoic acid dietary supplementation enhances the effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and cognition

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