Antioxidants: Structure–activity of plant polyphenolics

Rammohan, Aluru; Zyryanov, Grigory V.; Bhagath, Yerramathi Babu; Manjula, K.

doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.001

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Antioxidant enzyme levels do not appear to be significantly changed in various tissues of aging animals [242][243][244]. However, stimulating this pathway to activate the expression [245] and the delivery of catalytic mimetic of the antioxidant enzyme pathway [246] has been considered important for preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and various exogenous substances [247][248][249]. Various pumpkin species contain large amounts of catechin and kaempferol [250].…”

Section: Catechinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes

Arabshomali,

Bazzazzadehgan,

Mahdi

et al. 2023

Molecules

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The clinical relationship between diabetes and inflammation is well established. Evidence clearly indicates that disrupting oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium and elevated lipid peroxidation could be a potential mechanism for chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Under diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia, especially inflammation, and increased reactive oxygen species generation are bidirectionally associated. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage are believed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Although the exact mechanism underlying oxidative stress and its impact on diabetes progression remains uncertain, the hyperglycemia-inflammation-oxidative stress interaction clearly plays a significant role in the onset and progression of vascular disease, kidney disease, hepatic injury, and pancreas damage and, therefore, holds promise as a therapeutic target. Evidence strongly indicates that the use of multiple antidiabetic medications fails to achieve the normal range for glycated hemoglobin targets, signifying treatment-resistant diabetes. Antioxidants with polyphenols are considered useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant activity. We aimed to analyze the current major points reported in preclinical, in vivo, and clinical studies of antioxidants in the prevention or treatment of inflammation in T2DM. Then, we will share our speculative vision for future diabetes clinical trials.

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Section: Catechinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes

Arabshomali,

Bazzazzadehgan,

Mahdi

et al. 2023

Molecules

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“…Compounds such as melatonin and glutathione (GSH) are produced endogenously but are also commonly supplemented. Exogenous antioxidants include a wide variety of natural and synthetic compounds such as vitamin C, an acid with three hydroxy moieties present in many fruits and vegetables; carotenoids, compounds that the body converts to the retinoids (vitamin A) required for maintenance of the retinal pigment epithelium in the eye; polyphenols, literally molecules bearing multiple phenol groups thought to be particularly effective in preventing lipid oxidation; sulforaphanes, organosulfur compounds abundant in cruciferous vegetables; and anthocyanins, pigments found in red, blue, and purple fruits and vegetables (Figure 1) [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases

Korczowska-Łącka,

Słowikowski,

Piekut

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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In diseases of the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), and even epilepsy and migraine, oxidative stress load commonly surpasses endogenous antioxidative capacity. While oxidative processes have been robustly implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the significance of particular antioxidants, both endogenous and especially exogenous, in maintaining redox homeostasis requires further research. Among endogenous antioxidants, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase are central to disabling free radicals, thereby preventing oxidative damage to cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Whether supplementation with endogenously occurring antioxidant compounds such as melatonin and glutathione carries any benefit, however, remains equivocal. Similarly, while the health benefits of certain exogenous antioxidants, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotenoids, polyphenols, sulforaphanes, and anthocyanins are commonly touted, their clinical efficacy and effectiveness in particular neurological disease contexts need to be more robustly defined. Here, we review the current literature on the cellular mechanisms mitigating oxidative stress and comment on the possible benefit of the most common exogenous antioxidants in diseases such as AD, PD, ALS, HD, stroke, epilepsy, and migraine. We selected common neurological diseases of a basically neurodegenerative nature.

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“…2023, 3, FOR PEER REVIEW 2 broad-spectrum antibiotics such as β-lactam, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin are still important clinical drugs of choice for various diseases today [9,10]. In addition, people are now aware of the role of natural antioxidants in the prevention of various non-communicable diseases and of their health promoting benefits [11,12]. Therefore, fruits and food beverages that are richer in polyphenolics such as anthocyanins, catechins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and resveratrols have strategic key roles in health promotion and disease prevention [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, people are now aware of the role of natural antioxidants in the prevention of various non-communicable diseases and of their health promoting benefits [11,12]. Therefore, fruits and food beverages that are richer in polyphenolics such as anthocyanins, catechins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and resveratrols have strategic key roles in health promotion and disease prevention [12][13][14]. Interestingly, aurones [2-benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-ones] are naturally occurring five-membered flavonoids with benzofuran class heterocycles having benzylidene moiety at C-2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in the Antidiabetic Prominence of Natural and Synthetic Analogues of Aurones

Aluru,

Mukherjee,

Zyryanov

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Natural products are a boundless source for the development of pharmaceutical agents against a wide range of human diseases. Accordingly, naturally occurring aurones possess various biological benefits, such as anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and neuroprotective effects. In addition, various studies have revealed that aurones are potential templates for the regulation of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. Likewise, certain aurones and their analogues have been found to be remarkable kinase inhibitors of DARK2, PPAR-γ, PTPM1, AGE, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which represents a promising approach for the treatment of chronic metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Therefore, in our present study, we provide a detailed account of the advances in aurones as antidiabetic agents over the past decade.

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Antioxidants: Structure–activity of plant polyphenolics

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes

Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes

Disorders of Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases

Recent Trends in the Antidiabetic Prominence of Natural and Synthetic Analogues of Aurones

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