Antioxidants rescue photoreceptors in rd1 mice: Relationship with thiol metabolism

Induction of the Cystine/Glutamate Exchanger SLC7A11 in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells by the Antipsoriatic Drug Monomethylfumarate

“…These data suggest that the MMF-induced increase in system x c À expression in retinal cells contributes to an increase in the level of this antioxidant in ocular tissues. It is important, however, to emphasize here that entire eye cups rather than isolated retinas were used to calculate the concentration of glutathione, a factor that may not only explain why the values obtained are several times lower than that reported in the literature on retinal glutathione content in mice, [54][55][56] but, more importantly, suggests that the positive impact of MMF on levels of glutathione in retina specifically may be somewhat underestimated in our assay.…”

A review of botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, clinical relevance in efficacy and safety of Lycium barbarum fruit (Goji)

“…No difference was observed between the numbers of nNOS-and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase-positive cells in treated and untreated rd1 mice. Thiol contents and thioldependent peroxide metabolism seem to be directly related to the survival of photoreceptors in rd1 mouse retina (Miranda et al, 2010).…”

Neuroprotective actions of progesterone in an in vivo model of retinitis pigmentosa

“…Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of RP [75][76][77]. One hypothesis is that after rods die, oxygen utilization in the outer retina is reduced; but choroidal vessels, unlike retinal vessels, are incapable of autoregulation to decrease blood and oxygen levels in the outer retina and they become markedly elevated [78,79].…”

“…Reduced GSH concentration has been associated with a number of neuropathological processes, such as Parkinson´s disease, Alzheimer´s diseases, RP, diabetes, etc. [77,[81][82][83][84].…”

“…With regard to inherited retinal degenerations, literature supports gene therapies [4], stem cell transplantation [5], antioxidants administration [6,7] or neurotrophic growth factors [8][9][10], as some of the treatments currently under development. Recent results in mouse models of retinal degeneration show that apoptosis and cell loss is delayed and endogenous survival pathways are activated in response to norgestrel, a synthetic progestin [11].…”