Antioxidants and Bioactive Compounds in Licorice Root Extract Potentially Contribute to Improving Growth, Bulb Quality and Yield of Onion (Allium cepa)

Mohamed

et al. 2022

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

Self Cite

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in improving resistance to common bean salt stress. Method shows that common bean seeds were soaked in water and in two concentrations of sodium hydrosulfide (50 and 100 µM) for 8 h. After 25 days from sowing, the pots were irrigated with water and with two concentrations of NaCl (75 and 150 mM) until the end of the experiment. Results revealed that H2S relieved salt stress by decreasing growth inhibition and photosynthetic characteristics, and increasing osmolyte contents (proline and glycine betaine). Furthermore, H2S reduced oxidative damage by lowering lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and reactive oxygen species production such as hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion by increasing non-enzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and glutathione, as well as enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and nitrate reductase (NR). Meanwhile, salt stress and H2S application increased the endogenous level of H2S, which was accompanied by an increase in nitric oxide concentration. H2S, in particular, maintained sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) homeostasis in the presence of excess NaCl. In general, H2S effectively reduced oxidative stress in common bean plants by increasing relative expression levels of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-ZnSOD), CAT, and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Applying H2S to common bean plants could protect them from salinity stress by maintaining the Na+/K+ balance, boosting endogenous H2S and nitric oxide levels, and preventing oxidative damage by increasing antioxidant activity.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Hydrogen Sulfide Modulates Salinity Stress in Common Bean Plants by Maintaining Osmolytes and Regulating Nitric Oxide Levels and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression

Mohamed

et al. 2022

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

Self Cite

“…They reported that 0.50 % of the biostimulant extract elevated height, crop growth rate, number of leaves, bulb fresh weight, harvest index, chlorophyll a and b, leaf protein content, bulb protein content and high bulb yield in onion. Younes et al, (2021) have reported that liquorice root extract application in onion acts as a biostimulant and elevates the growth, yield, and quality parameters in onion. They have also shown improved nutritional status, total soluble carbohydrates, proline level, water-soluble proteins and activated the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants level in onion bulbs.…”

Section: Biostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Nutrient Management in Onion-A Review

Gnanasundari¹,

Srivignesh²,

Krishna³

et al. 2022

EEC

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a bulbous vegetable crop and cultivated in many parts of the world. Onion is majorly used in our daily diet for its nutritional value. In onions, sulfur-containing compounds and allinase enzymes are responsible for their lachrymatory effect and pungency. Flavanoid compounds in onions like kampeferol and quercitin show anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Globally, India stands second in onion production, book keeping for 10 % of total production from 16 % of total area. As per FAO data (2012), China leads the world in production (20.5 million tonnes), followed by India (13.3 million tonnes). Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Bihar, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, West Bengal, Gujarat, and Uttar Pradesh are the top onion-producing states in the country, contributing nearly 90% of the country’s overall onion production. Maharashtra stands first in production with 8,854.09 thousand tonnes with 38.09 percent share, followed by Madhya Pradesh (15.92 percent share) and Karnataka (12.85 percent share) (https://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in). Onion is a nutrient-sensitive crop and the nutrient requirement varies with cultivar, location, and season. Fertilizer recommendation for onion crop is 100-150 kg N, 40-80 kg P2 O5, and 0-125 kg K2 O per hectare (Source: NHB). Many studies have reported that 2.1 kg N, 0.75 kg P2 O5 , 2.2 K2 O, and 0.28 kg S per hectare of nutrients are removed by onion crop to produce a bulb yield of 1 ton (DOGR, 2015). Use of synthetic fertilizers alone causes leaching, increases toxicity, and degrades the soil environment. A Study by Kwaghe et al. (2017) have shown that nutrient uptake by the onion crop enhanced to 0.76, 43.82, and 2.42 kg/ha by the combination of both organic and inorganic fertilizers, thereby increasing the crop yield. Therefore, a rising need exists to provide an adequate and balanced nutrient application for attaining good crop yield and quality without affecting soil fertility status. This INM based approach for nutrient management has a positive impact on plant growth, agricultural sustainability, and fertility of soil. Hence to enhance soil fertility and to improve the nutrient uptake, the concept of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) could be adopted.

“…One crucial mechanism evolved by plants to adapt to salinity stress includes the induction of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, which are important for eliminating ROS and maintaining cellular redox potential [ 14 , 77 ]. Under abiotic-induced oxidative stress, SOD scavenges O⋅ − into O 2 and H 2 O 2 as the first stage of the defense system, and the peroxidases act on the generated H 2 O 2 reducing it to H 2 O.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sulfide priming enhanced salinity tolerance in sunflower by modulating ion hemostasis, cellular redox balance, and gene expression

Younis,

Mansour

2023

BMC Plant Biol

Background The salinity threat represents an environmental challenge that drastically affects plant growth and yield. Besides salinity stress, the escalating world population will greatly influence the world’s food security in the future. Therefore, searching for effective strategies to improve crop salinity resilience and sustain agricultural productivity under high salinity is a must. Seed priming is a reliable, simple, low-risk, and low-cost technique. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the impact of seed priming with 0.5 mM NaHS, as a donor of H2S, in mitigating salinity effects on sunflower seedlings. Primed and nonprime seeds were established in nonsaline soil irrigated with tape water for 14 d, and then exposed to 150 mM NaCl for 7 d. Results Salinity stress significantly reduced the seedling growth, biomass accumulation, K+, Ca2+, and salinity tolerance index while elevating Na+ uptake and translocation. Salinity-induced adverse effects were significantly alleviated by H2S priming. Upregulation in gene expression (HaSOS2, HaGST) under NaCl stress was further enhanced by H2S priming. Also, H2S reduced lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 content, but elevated the antioxidant defense system. NaCl-induced levels of ascorbate, glutathione, and α tocopherol, as well as the activities of AsA-GSH cycle enzymes: ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase, were further enhanced by H2S priming. Increased level of H2S and total thiol by NaCl was also further stimulated by H2S priming. Conclusion H2S priming has proved to be an efficient strategy to improve sunflower seedlings’ salinity tolerance by retaining ion homeostasis, detoxifying oxidative damage, modulating gene expression involved in ion homeostasis and ROS scavenging, and boosting endogenous H2S. These findings suggested that H2S acts as a regulatory molecule activating the functional processes responsible for sunflower adaptive mechanisms and could be adopted as a crucial crop management strategy to combat saline conditions. However, it would be of great interest to conduct further studies in the natural saline field to broaden our understanding of crop adaptive mechanisms and to support our claims.