Antioxidant vitamins and their influence in diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease associated with serious complications. A number of studies have suggested that enhanced oxidation is the underlying abnormality responsible for some of the complications of diabetes. It is not known whether the ingestion of antioxidant vitamins could retard or perhaps reverse the oxidative damage. The information regarding the benefit of antioxidant vitamin supplementation is conflicting some trials have demonstrated adverse effects of excessive consumption of vitamin supplements. In this article, we review the available literature on the association of cardiovascular events and ingestion of vitamins with antioxidant properties. Given the lack of data to substantiate the benefit and safety of ingestion of antioxidant vitamins in excess of the recommended dietary allowance, physicians should avoid the recommendation of vitamin supplementation to their patients.

Lipid Peroxidation and Resistance to Oxidation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Merzouk et al (2003) investigated plasma vitamin A, C and E levels and erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities in type I and type II diabetic subjects with and without complications. However, vitamin A and E levels were significantly lower in type I and type II diabetic subjects compared to controls, similar with other studies (Hasanain and Mooradian 2002;Ahmad et al 2003). In addition to this plasma SOD and CAT activities were found lower in type 2 diabetic group than control group.…”

Nutrition Recommendations and Interventions for Diabetes

“…The few small clinical studies involving diabetes and functional foods thought to have high antioxidant potential (e.g., tea, cocoa, coffee) are inconclusive. Clinical trial data not only indicate the lack of benefit with respect to glycemic control and progression of complications but also provide evidence of the potential harm of vitamin E, carotene, and other antioxidant supplements (1,72,73). In addition, available data do not support the use of antioxidant supplements for CVD risk reduction (74).…”

Protective effect of phloretin on hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress in experimental diabetic rats

“…During insulin deficiency, the intracellular NADPH level was decreased therefore decreased the GSH level due to the defective glucose oxidation via pentose phosphate cycle [47]. The notable decline in the key cellular nonenzymatic antioxidant defense system extensively provokes the susceptibility to oxidative stress [48]. In addition, GSH interrelated with vitamin C and E to recycles the tocopheroxyl radicals to tocopherol.…”