Antioxidant supplements and semen parameters: An evidence based review

Ahmadi, Sedigheh; Bashiri, Reihane; Ghadiri‐Anari, Akram; Nadjarzadeh, Azadeh

doi:10.29252/ijrm.14.12.729

Cited by 169 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage can be a major cause of declining sperm quality; antioxidants can be important in preventing this (Ahmadi, Bashiri, Ghadiri‐Anari, & Nadjarzadeh, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An additional marker for sperm DNA quality evaluation in spermatozoa of male partners of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique (IVF/ICSI): Protamine ratio

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the protamine ratio (P1/P2), DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and protamine deficiency. Patients were grouped into fertile (G1; n = 151) and sub‐fertile (G2; n = 121). DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa was analysed by a TUNEL assay (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick‐end labelling), and the protamination was determined by CMA3 staining, while Western blot was used to measure protamine P1 and P2. While sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and protamine ratio were significantly elevated in G2 compared with G1 (12.31 ± 7.01% vs. 17.5 ± 9.5%; p = .001) and (0.91 ± 0.43 vs. 0.75 ± 0.42; p = .003); respectively, the CMA3 positive showed no difference at all between G1 and G2. In G1, the CMA3 positive correlated negatively with the P1/P2 ratio and SDF (r = −.586, r = −.297; p = .001 respectively). In contrast, the protamine ratio correlated positively with SDF (r = .356; p = .001). In G2, no correlation was observed between CMA3 positive, SDF and the P1/P2 ratio but the P1/P2 ratio showed a positive correlation with SDF (r = .479; p = .001). In conclusion, the spermatozoa DNA deterioration was closely associated with abnormal protamination but showed an association with the protamine ratio, more than with CMA3 positive. Therefore, for the evaluation of DNA damage in spermatozoa, the P1/P2 ratio might act as an additional biomarker.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An additional marker for sperm DNA quality evaluation in spermatozoa of male partners of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique (IVF/ICSI): Protamine ratio

et al. 2019

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“…In clinical contexts, the therapeutic effectiveness of antioxidant treatment for subfertile men was evident in several randomized trials (Ahmadi et al, 2016). Furthermore, following varicocelectomy, antioxidant capacity was significantly increased in seminal plasma, associated with a significant decrease in DNA damage (Chen et al, 2008;Sakamoto et al, 2008).…”

Section: Antioxidants Can Suppress Heat-induced Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

A global view of the pathophysiology of varicocele

2018

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Varicocele is the most common abnormality identified in men being evaluated for subfertility. In this comprehensive review of the pathophysiology of varicocele, we will shed light on novel pathophysiological findings and their clinical implications that may direct future researches; we will shed light on the impact of transient scrotal hyperthermia and the roles of inflammation and differential protein expression and androgen expression in spermatozoa on inducing pathophysiological findings. Furthermore, we will clarify the linked processes contributing to the pathophysiology of varicocele and the impact of genetics on the induction of these processes. Spermatogenesis is a temperature-sensitive process, and heat stress of varicocele is considered the most plausible cause of impaired spermatogenesis. The three processes associated with the presence of varicocele - heat stress, excess reactive oxygen species, and increased apoptosis - appear to be linked; heat stress is associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, which can induce apoptosis. The genetic role should not be overlooked as a contributing factor in the induction of heat stress, excess reactive oxygen species/oxidative stress, and apoptosis; this is evidenced by the association of varicocele with decreased expression of heat-shock proteins, higher polymorphism of glutathione S transferase and nitric oxide synthase genes, and increased BAX and decreased BCL2 genes and proteins. In this article, we will highlight the need of application of novel diagnostic techniques that can provide a precise pathophysiological diagnosis to guide potential specific innovative therapies. Innovative therapies can counteract the varicocele-induced stasis, suppress the degenerative effects of testicular hyperthermia, reduce the varicocele-induced apoptosis, and target the elevated-neutrophil products aiming at abrogating the testicular damage caused by the induced varicocele in rats/mice. In conclusion, on the basis of the novel scientific research, it may be possible to formulate new treatments and achieve the appropriate selection of patients who can benefit from these treatments.

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“…A number of studies have investigated the effect of antioxidant treatment on standard semen parameters with contradicting results (Showell et al ., ; Ahmadi et al ., ). A Cochrane analysis (Showell et al ., ) indicated that antioxidant treatment may have a beneficial effect in males with unexplained subfertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impact of antioxidant treatment on DNA fragmentation index: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized trial

et al. 2018

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Background: Previous reports on effect of antioxidants on sperm DNA integrity were equivocal, and there is a lack of randomized, placebo-controlled studies. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of combined antioxidant treatment in subfertile men with normal reproductive hormone levels and high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Materials and methods: This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study evaluated the effects of combined antioxidant treatment in 77 men from infertile couples, with normal testosterone, LH and FSH levels and DFI ≥25%. All participants were randomly assigned to receive combined antioxidant treatment (vitamins, antioxidants and oligoelements) or placebo for six months. The primary outcome measured was DFI. Secondary outcomes were standard semen parameters. DFI and other semen parameters were, at each time point (pre-treatment, and after three and six months of treatment), compared between the treatment and the placebo group using Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: Antioxidant group had higher sperm concentration after three months of treatment (median: 24.4 9 10 6 /mL vs. 27.2 9 10 6 /mL; P = 0.028) and borderline statistically significant higher concentration after six months of treatment (median: 24.4 9 10 6 / mL vs. 33.3 9 10 6 /mL; P = 0.053) compared to pre-treatment values. The DFI did not change during the 6 months of antioxidant therapy. No statistically significant difference between the antioxidant and placebo group was seen for any of the semen parameters including sperm DFI at any of the three time points. Discussion: The increase in sperm concentration was more pronounced in the antioxidant treated group but not statistically significantly higher than among controls, perhaps due to insufficient statistical power. Previous studies have shown positive effect of antioxidant treatment on DFI and other semen parameters. However, our findings indicate that men with normal reproductive hormone levels may not be the primary target group for such therapy. Conclusion: Six months treatment with antioxidants had no effect on sperm DFI.

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Antioxidant supplements and semen parameters: An evidence based review

Cited by 169 publications

References 53 publications

An additional marker for sperm DNA quality evaluation in spermatozoa of male partners of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique (IVF/ICSI): Protamine ratio

An additional marker for sperm DNA quality evaluation in spermatozoa of male partners of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technique (IVF/ICSI): Protamine ratio

A global view of the pathophysiology of varicocele

Impact of antioxidant treatment on DNA fragmentation index: a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized trial

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