Antioxidant Supplementation Does Not Alter Endurance Training Adaptation

Yfanti, Christina; Åkerström, Tobias; Nielsen, Søren; Nielsen, Annemette; Mounier, Rémi; Mortensen, Ole Hartvig; Lykkesfeldt, Jens; Rose, Adam J.; Fischer, Christian P.; Pedersen, Bente Klarlund

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181cd76be

Cited by 158 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

141

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies found that vitamins E may preclude the insulin-sensitising effects of exercise by hampering physiological training-induced cellular adaptations in muscle in healthy individuals: vitamin E supplementation prevented exercise-induced production of PPAR-γ, PPAR-γ coactivators PGC1α and PGC1β, and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase [111]. Although these data have not been recently confirmed [112,113], the impact of antioxidants on muscle insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant individuals is unclear. An increased all-cause mortality has been associated with long-term administration of doses of vitamin E typically used in these trials [114].…”

Section: Implications For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): NAFLD causes an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and liverrelated complications (the latter confined to NASH). The effect of proposed treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in NAFLD is unknown. We reviewed the evidence for the management of liver disease and cardiometabolic risk in NAFLD. Methods Publications through November 2011 were systematically reviewed by two authors. Outcomes evaluated though standard methods were: histological/radiological/biochemical features of NAFLD, variables of glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors. Seventy-eight randomised trials were included (38 in NASH, 40 in NAFLD): 41% assessed post-treatment histology, 71% assessed glucose metabolism and 88% assessed cardiovascular risk factors. Lifestyle intervention, thiazolidinediones, metformin and antioxidants were most extensively evaluated. Results Lifestyle-induced weight loss was safe and improved cardio-metabolic risk profile; a weight loss ≥7% improved histological disease activity, but was achieved by <50%

show abstract

Section: Implications For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Likewise, research within humans has shown that Vitamin C and E supplementation during a 12-week intense endurance training program had no influence on improvements in VO2max, power output at VO2max and power output at lactate threshold (Yfanti et al, 2010). Moreover, muscle sample analysis within this study revealed similar increases in CS and β-HAD activity indicating a similar extent of local muscle aerobic adaptation (Yfanti et al, 2010). The disparities in findings within the literature are difficult to reconcile but are potentially related individual differences in response to antioxidant loading and exercise stimulus.…”

Section: Reactive Oxygen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PGC-1α Mediated Muscle Aerobic Adaptations to Exercise, Heat and Cold Exposure

Ihsan¹,

Watson²,

Abbiss³

2014

Cell Mol Exerc Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PGC-1α is regarded as a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis due to its central role in regulating the activity of key transcription factors associated with encoding mitochondrial components. Additionally, PGC-1α has shown to mediate adaptations that increase fat metabolism and angiogenesis, contributing to the overall oxidative phenotype of the muscle. While it is well established that exercise is a potent stimulator of PGC-1α, recent evidence indicates that heat and cold exposures may also influence mitochondrial biogenesis through the up-regulation of PGC-1α. This highlights the potential use of these modalities in conjunction with exercise to enhance training adaptations. As such, the purpose of this review is to describe the possible mechanisms and pathways by which exercise, as well as hot and cold exposures may influence mitochondrial biogenesis. It is clear that changes in intracellular calcium, oxidative stress and phosphorylation potential are major up-regulators of PGC-1α during exercise. Moreover, there is evidence implicating calcium signalling, in addition to β-adrenergic activation in cold-induced mitochondrial biogenesis, while PGC-1α during heat exposure is likely triggered by changes in phosphorylation potential and nitric oxide signalling. However, these mechanisms appear to change considerably when cold/heat is administered following exercise, and seem to be dependent on the experimental models used (i.e. in vitro vs. in vivo, rodent vs. human). Understanding the effects heat/cold exposure and its interaction with exercise may lead to the optimisation and development of temperature-related interventions to enhance training adaptations, or aid in the treatment of mitochondrial related diseases.

show abstract

“…For example, Yfanti et al (2010) 21) showed that the administration of vitamins C and E in human subjects has no effect on endurance training-induced increases in glycogen concentration, citrate synthase activity, HAD activity in the skeletal muscle, maximal oxygen uptake or endurance performance. Yfanti et al (2011) 22) also demonstrated that the administration of antioxidants in healthy individuals during strenuous endurance training has no effect on the training-induced improvement in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake as assessed using a three-hour euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp.…”

Section: Role Of Ros As a Stimulus For Endurance Training-induced Adamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and endurance training-induced adaptations

Matsui

2013

JPFSM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endurance training induces mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. Endurance training also improves insulin sensitivity at both the skeletal muscle and whole body level. Recently, ROS have been suggested to play an important role in endurance training-induced adaptations. However, this hypothesis is not yet fully supported. To advance understanding of the role of ROS and antioxidants in endurance training-induced adaptations, efforts should be made in future studies to clarify the sites of ROS production and the influence of antioxidants on the redox status under each training condition. Effort should also be directed to identifying the signaling pathways involved. In this situation, it should be recognized that in vivo cellular signaling is redundant. Therefore, efforts to evaluate the relative importance and interactions among the multiple cellular signaling pathways involved in each training condition are required. Without elucidating the role of ROS and antioxidants in endurance traininginduced adaptations, then evidence-based sound advice regarding antioxidant supplementation cannot be made.

show abstract

Antioxidant Supplementation Does Not Alter Endurance Training Adaptation

Abstract: Our results suggest that administration of vitamins C and E to individuals with no previous vitamin deficiencies has no effect on physical adaptations to strenuous endurance training.

Cited by 158 publications

References 34 publications

Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials

Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials

PGC-1α Mediated Muscle Aerobic Adaptations to Exercise, Heat and Cold Exposure

Reactive oxygen species and endurance training-induced adaptations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About