Antioxidant properties of drugs used in Type 2 diabetes management: could they contribute to, confound or conceal effects of antioxidant therapy?

Abstract

Objectives: This is a narrative review, investigating the antioxidant properties of drugs used in the management of diabetes, and discusses whether these antioxidant effects contribute to, confound, or conceal the effects of antioxidant therapy. Methods: A systematic search for articles reporting trials, or observational studies on the antioxidant effect of drugs used in the treatment of diabetes in humans or animals was performed using Web of Science, PubMed, and Ovid. Data were extracted, including data on a number of subjects, type of treatment (and duration) received, and primary and secondary outcomes. The primary outcomes were reporting on changes in biomarkers of antioxidants concentrations and secondary outcomes were reporting on changes in biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results: Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by increased oxidative stress. It is often accompanied by a spectrum of other metabolic disturbances, including elevated plasma lipids, elevated uric acid, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and central obesity. This review shows evidence that some of the drugs in diabetes management have both in vivo and in vitro antioxidant properties through mechanisms such as scavenging free radicals and upregulating antioxidant gene expression. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical agents used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes has been shown to exert an antioxidant effect..

Effect of Caesalpinia bonduc Polyphenol Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats in Attenuating Hyperglycemia by Upregulating Insulin Secretion and Inhibiting JNK Signaling Pathway

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Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review

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Antioxidant Potential of Psychotropic Drugs: From Clinical Evidence to In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment and toward a New Challenge for in Silico Molecular Design

“…Several classes of approved drugs have been studied through the years for their antioxidant properties [ 1 , 5 , 6 ]. Proton pump inhibitors [ 7 ], antidiabetics [ 8 ], drugs acting on the cardiovascular system [ 9 ], antiepileptics [ 10 ], and anti-inflammatory agents [ 11 ] represent some of the investigated classes, which are also paired by antioxidant natural and semi-synthetic compounds with biological activity [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Furthermore, besides therapeutic agents, it must be stressed that bioactive components from diet have been recognized among the risk factors or, on the other hand, protective agents possibly influencing oxidative stress and pathogenesis of related diseases [ 20 , 21 ].…”