Antioxidant Properties of Alpha-Lipoic (Thioctic) Acid Treatment on Renal and Heart Parenchyma in a Rat Model of Hypertension

Martinelli, Ilenia; Tomassoni, Daniele; Roy, Proshanta; Mannelli, Lorenzo Di Cesare; Amenta, Francesco; Tayebati, Seyed Khosrow

doi:10.3390/antiox10071006

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…N. S7150). 35 , 36 Briefly, 20 μg of proteins were separated in 10% by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to the nitrocellulose membrane. Transblotted membranes were incubated with specific primary and secondary antibodies diluted in 1% BSA in PBS-T.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion channels alterations in the forebrain of high-fat diet fed rats

Roy¹,

Martinelli

Moruzzi

et al. 2021

Eur J Histochem

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Evidence suggests that transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels dysfunction significantly contributes to the physiopathology of metabolic and neurological disorders. Dysregulation in functions and expression in genes encoding the TRP channels cause several inherited diseases in humans (the so-called ‘TRP channelopathies’), which affect the cardiovascular, renal, skeletal, and nervous systems. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of ion channels in the forebrain of rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO). DIO rats were studied after 17 weeks under a hypercaloric diet (high-fat diet, HFD) and were compared to the control rats with a standard diet (CHOW). To determine the systemic effects of HFD exposure, we examined food intake, fat mass content, fasting glycemia, insulin levels, cholesterol, and triglycerides. qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunochemistry analysis were performed in the frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (HIP). After 17 weeks of HFD, DIO rats increased their body weight significantly compared to the CHOW rats. In DIO rats, TRPC1 and TRPC6 were upregulated in the HIP, while they were downregulated in the FC. In the case of TRPM2 expression, instead was increased both in the HIP and in the FC. These could be related to the increase of proteins and nucleic acid oxidation. TRPV1 and TRPV2 gene expression showed no differences both in the FC and HIP. In general, qRT-PCR analyses were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical procedures highlighted the expression of the channels in the cell body of neurons and axons, particularly for the TRPC1 and TRPC6. The alterations of TRP channel expression could be related to the activation of glial cells or the neurodegenerative process presented in the brain of the DIO rat highlighted with post synaptic protein (PSD 95) alterations. The availability of suitable animal models may be useful for studying possible pharmacological treatments to counter obesity-induced brain injury. The identified changes in DIO rats may represent the first insight to characterize the neuronal alterations occurring in obesity. Further investigations are necessary to characterize the role of TRP channels in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and obesity-related cognitive decline.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion channels alterations in the forebrain of high-fat diet fed rats

Roy¹,

Martinelli

Moruzzi

et al. 2021

Eur J Histochem

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“…Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide and poses a signifi cant health and economic threat to aging societies (1,2). It represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease since both the heart and kidneys are target organs of hypertensive injury (3). Cardiac hypertrophy initially constitutes an adaptive response of the heart to increased stress, however, in the long term, it forms the prerequisite for heart failure (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depletion of vascular adaptive mechanisms in hypertension-induced injury of the heart and kidney

Stanchev¹,

Kotov²,

Landzhov³

et al. 2023

BLL

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BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signalling protein of critical importance for angiogenesis. In an effort to better understand its signifi cance in hypertension-induced injury of the heart and kidney we aimed at studying the changes in its expression in an experimental model and correlated it with capillary density in the myocardium and the renal parenchyma. METHODS: We used two age groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats (6-and 12-month-old), indicative of early and advanced hypertension. VEGF expression was assessed and a semi-quantitative analysis of its immunoreactivity was conducted. Changes in capillary density in the myocardium and kidney were assessed for statistical signifi cance and correlations with VEGF expression were established. RESULTS: We reported stronger VEGF expression in animals with early compared to advanced hypertension in all examined structures. Capillary density decreased signifi cantly at age 12 months compared to 6 months and was signifi cant in all examined structures. A positive correlation was established between capillary density and the expression of VEGF. CONCLUSION: These fi ndings underscore the key signifi cance of VEGF for compensatory angiogenesis and suggest that a statistically signifi cant depletion of these vascular adaptive mechanisms is a major aspect in the cascade of hypertension-induced injury of the heart and kidney (Tab. 3, Fig. 26, Ref. 47).

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“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in animals are vital electron acceptors with a double free radical structure, including superoxide (O 2− ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and other free radicals [ 10 ]. ROS strongly attack the nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids in the cells of animals, and they chemically destroy the organic components of cells [ 11 , 12 ]. ROS production is generally related to oxidative stress and oxidative metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteamine Supplementation In Vitro Remarkably Promoted Rumen Fermentation Efficiency towards Propionate Production via Prevotella Enrichment and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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Cysteamine (CS) is a vital antioxidant product and nutritional regulator that improves the productive performance of animals. A 2 × 4 factorial in vitro experiment was performed to determine the effect of the CS supplementation levels of 0, 20, 40, and 60 mg/g, based on substrate weight, on the ruminal fermentation, antioxidant capacity, and microorganisms of a high-forage substrate (HF, forage:corn meal = 7:3) in the Statistical Analysis System Institute. After 48 h of incubation, the in vitro dry matter disappearance and gas production in the LF group were higher when compared with a low-forage substrate (LF, forge hay:corn meal = 3:7), which was analyzed via the use of the MIXED procedure of the HF group, and these increased linearly with the increasing CS supplementation (p < 0.01). With regard to rumen fermentation, the pH and acetate were lower in the LF group compared to the HF group (p < 0.01). However, the ammonia N, microbial crude protein, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), and propionate in the LF group were greater than those in the HF group (p < 0.05). With the CS supplementation increasing, the pH, ammonia N, acetate, and A:P decreased linearly, while the microbial crude protein, total VFA, and propionate increased linearly (p < 0.01). Greater antioxidant capacity was observed in the LF group, and the increasing CS supplementation linearly increased the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, and glutathione reductase, while it decreased the malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). No difference occurred in the ruminal bacteria alpha diversity with the increasing CS supplementation, but it was higher in the LF group than in the HF group (p < 0.01). Based on the rumen bacterial community, a higher proportion of Bacteroidota, instead of Firmicutes, was in the LF group than in the HF group. Furthermore, increasing the CS supplementation linearly increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, norank_f_F082, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 under the two substrates (p < 0.05). Prevotella, norank_f_F082, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 were positively correlated with gas production, rumen fermentation, and antioxidant capacity in a Spearman correlation analysis (r > 0.31, p < 0.05). Overall, a CS supplementation of not less than 20 mg/g based on substrate weight enhanced the rumen fermentation and rumen antioxidant capacity of the fermentation system, and it guided the rumen fermentation towards glucogenic propionate by enriching the Prevotella in Bacteroidetes.

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Antioxidant Properties of Alpha-Lipoic (Thioctic) Acid Treatment on Renal and Heart Parenchyma in a Rat Model of Hypertension

Cited by 20 publications

References 77 publications

Ion channels alterations in the forebrain of high-fat diet fed rats

Ion channels alterations in the forebrain of high-fat diet fed rats

Depletion of vascular adaptive mechanisms in hypertension-induced injury of the heart and kidney

Cysteamine Supplementation In Vitro Remarkably Promoted Rumen Fermentation Efficiency towards Propionate Production via Prevotella Enrichment and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

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