Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds in Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia sclarea L.

Abstract

The differences in the chemical composition of the phenolic compounds of Salvia officinalis versus Salvia sclarea growing in different habitats, were studied. First, the optimal solvent - methanol - for ultrasonic extraction of phenolic compounds from these plants was chosen experimentally. Total phenolic content and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays were determined spectrophotometrically. Total phenolic content was in the range of 63.9 to 134.4 mg GAE/g of plant depending on the studied species. The highest antiradical activity was displayed by the methanol fractions of S. sclarea varieties (83 and 67%). HPLC-DAD analysis of extracts was done in order to identify the presence of individual phenolic compounds. This was done by comparison of their retention times with those observed for 17 commercially available standard compounds. The results showed differences in the phenolics composition, with plants collected on Crimean peninsula accumulating more phenolic acids than Polish varieties. In turn, the Polish varieties of sage contain bigger amount of flavonoids in their tissues.

Properties of Salvia officinalis L. and Thymus serpyllum L. Extracts Free and Embedded into Mesopores of Silica and Titania Nanomaterials

“…The total polyphenols content (TPC) of extracts spectrophotometrically determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method as both caffeic acid or gallic acid equivalents were in the range of 108.95–181.11 mg GAE /g extract (20.58–61.98 mg/g plant) and 154.67–155.50 mg GAE /g extract (18.21–22.20 mg/g plant) for Salvia officinalis and Thymus serpyllum extracts, respectively ( Table 1 ). The values for TPC of common sage extracts were higher than that reported for: methanolic and ethanol–water 70/30 (v/v) extracts obtained by conventional and ultrasound-assisted extraction processes (61.3–79.6 mg GAE /g extract) [ 9 ], 70% aqueous acetonic extracts prepared at room temperature (40.5–96.2 mg GAE /g extract) [ 38 ], methanolic extracts (63.9–93.8 mg/g extract) [ 8 ], 80% aqueous methanolic extracts obtained by ultrasounds assisted extraction (2.80 mg/g plant) [ 39 ], and even that of the TPC value reported by Nutrizio et al [ 16 ] (42.13 ± 1.24 mg GAE /g plant) for the 50% hydroalcoholic extract prepared through the process assisted by high voltage electrical discharges (but only in the case of So(Conv)-2 extract).…”

“…Salvia officinalis L. (common sage; Lamiaceae family) is listed among the plants qualified as rich in bioactive compounds, polyphenols and flavonoids being responsible for its high radical scavenger activity [ 8 , 9 ]. It is widely used for both culinary and medicinal purposes, in the production of a wide range of phytopreparations, like tea mixtures, supplements with therapeutic benefits in serious diseases such diabetes [ 10 ], Alzheimer’s [ 11 ], or cancer [ 12 ], and food preservation additives [ 13 ].…”

Application of the Folin-Ciocalteu method to the evaluation of Salvia sclarea extracts

“…and times of harvesting (Ibrahim 2012;Abdelkader et al 2014;Dent et al 2017). Considerable contents of polyphenols in obtained Salvia sclarea extracts may be due to high amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids in its aerial part (Altan et al 2014;Jasicka-Misiak et al 2018).…”

“…and terpenoids (sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, sesterterpens and triterpens) which can induce above-mentioned pharmacological activities (Coisin et al 2012;Dent et al 2013;Abdelkader 2014;Kharazian 2014;Sepahvand et al 2015). Antioxidant properties of Lamiaceae species are mainly due to their phenolic compounds and rarely terpenoids (Stanković et al 2011;Abdelkader et al 2014;Sepahvand et al 2014;Dent et al 2017;Jasicka-Misiak et al 2018;Shanaida et al 2018b).…”

“…;Blainski et al 2013;Abdelkader et al 2014;Agbor et al 2014;Dent et al 2017;Jasicka-Misiak et al 2018) or even at a temperature of boiling water bath (Khomdram and Singh 2011). Usually, gallic acid (Stanković 2011; Blainski et al 2013; Dent et al 2013; Abdelkader et al 2014; Erdogan et al 2014), tannic acid (Blainski et al 2013), catechol (Khomdram and Singh 2011), catechin (Blainski et al 2013), pyrogallol (Blainski et al 2013; European Pharmacopoeia 2016), rosmarinic acid (Dent et al 2017) are used as reference substances in this method.…”