Antioxidant Enzymes

Joshi, Rohit; Chinnusamy, Viswanathan

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-799963-0.00012-5

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…In HS situations, the ROS-scavenging system plays a key role in the development of thermotolerance in plants [42][43][44][45][46][47]. As mentioned above, before HS, the enhanced ROSscavenging system by H 2 S and ABA laid the foundation for the formation of the subsequent thermotolerance (Figures 8-13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Essential Role of H2S-ABA Crosstalk in Maize Thermotolerance through the ROS-Scavenging System

Wang,

Xiang,

2023

IJMS

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and abscisic acid (ABA), as a signaling molecule and stress hormone, their crosstalk-induced thermotolerance in maize seedlings and its underlying mechanism were elusive. In this paper, H2S and ABA crosstalk as well as the underlying mechanism of crosstalk-induced thermotolerance in maize seedlings were investigated. The data show that endogenous levels of H2S and ABA in maize seedlings could be mutually induced by regulating their metabolic enzyme activity and gene expression under non-heat stress (non-HS) and HS conditions. Furthermore, H2S and ABA alone or in combination significantly increase thermotolerance in maize seedlings by improving the survival rate (SR) and mitigating biomembrane damage. Similarly, the activity of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging system, including enzymatic antioxidants catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the non-enzymatic antioxidants reduced ascorbic acid (AsA), carotenoids (CAR), flavone (FLA), and total phenols (TP), was enhanced by H2S and ABA alone or in combination in maize seedlings. Conversely, the ROS level (mainly hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical) was weakened by H2S and ABA alone or in combination in maize seedlings under non-HS and HS conditions. These data imply that the ROS-scavenging system played an essential role in H2S-ABA crosstalk-induced thermotolerance in maize seedlings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Essential Role of H2S-ABA Crosstalk in Maize Thermotolerance through the ROS-Scavenging System

Wang,

Xiang,

2023

IJMS

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“…Studies have indicated that under environmental stress, plants exhibit a heat stress response, activating their antioxidant enzyme system to remove excessive ROSs and enhance their stress resistance [40,41]. This study revealed an elevation in the levels of the common antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD, and CAT in plants with increasing stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Effects of Long-Term High Temperatures in the Root Zone on the Physiological Characteristics of Grapevine Leaves and Roots: Implications for Viticulture Practices

Su,

Li,

Cao

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

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Ridging cultivation and root restriction cultivation are beneficial due to their improvement of the soil permeability in the root zone of grapevine, and they are widely used in southern China, Japan, and other countries. However, with the intensification of global warming, when using ridging or root restriction cultivation, the soil temperature in the root zone can often reach 30 °C or even more than 35 °C during the summer, which is not conducive to the growth of grapevines. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of high root zone temperatures on the photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of grapevine leaves, root respiration, and degree of lignification of roots and shoots, as well as to provide a theoretical foundation for the management of grapevine production and cultivation. One-year-old potted ‘Kyoho’ was used as the study material. Three root temperature treatments were implemented for 15 days (9:00–16:00): 25 °C (CK), 30 °C (T1), and 35 °C (T2). The results showed that the malondialdehyde and H2O2 levels in leaves increased, while the chlorophyll content decreased. The oxygen-evolving complex was inactivated, and PSII donor and acceptor sides were blocked, thus reducing the photosynthetic gas exchange capacity at high root zone temperatures. The grapevine root activity and root/shoot ratio decreased. Simultaneously, the lignin content in the roots and shoots increased. In addition, there was a significant increase in the expression of key genes (PAL, C4H, 4CL, F5H, COMT, CCR, and CAD) in the root lignin synthesis pathway. Heightened root zone temperatures increased cyanide-resistant respiration in roots and heat release in the PPP pathway to alleviate stress damage. Therefore, it is recommended to use grass, mulching, and other cultivation management methods to maintain root zone temperatures below 30 °C in order to ensure the normal growth of grapevines and promote a high and stable yield.

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Growing Rice with Less Water: Improving Productivity by Decreasing Water Demand

et al. 2021

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Rice is a staple food for more than half of the global population. With the increasing population, the yield of rice must correspondingly increase to fulfill the requirement. Rice is cultivated worldwide in four different types of ecosystems, which are limited by the availability of irrigation water. However, water-limiting conditions negatively affect rice production; therefore, to enhance productivity under changing climatic conditions, improved cultivation practices and drought-tolerant cultivars/varieties are required. There are two basic approaches to cultivation: (1) plant based and (2) soil and irrigation based, which can be targeted for improving rice production. Crop plants primarily follow three mechanisms: drought escape, avoidance, and tolerance. Based on these mechanisms, different strategies are followed, which include cultivar selection based on yield stability under drought. Similarly, soil- and irrigation-based strategies consist of decreasing non-beneficial water depletions and water outflows, aerobic rice development, alternate wetting and drying, saturated soil culture, system of rice intensification, and sprinkler irrigation. Further strategies involve developing drought-tolerant cultivars through marker-assisted selection/pyramiding, genomic selection, QTL mapping, and other breeding and cultivation practices such as early planting to follow escape strategies and decreasing stand density to minimize competition with weeds. Similarly, the identification of drought-responsive genes and their manipulation will provide a technological solution to overcome drought stress. However, it was the Green Revolution that increased crop production. To maintain the balance, there is a need for another revolution to cope with the increasing demand.

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Antioxidant Enzymes

Cited by 5 publications

References 177 publications

The Essential Role of H2S-ABA Crosstalk in Maize Thermotolerance through the ROS-Scavenging System

The Essential Role of H2S-ABA Crosstalk in Maize Thermotolerance through the ROS-Scavenging System

Effects of Long-Term High Temperatures in the Root Zone on the Physiological Characteristics of Grapevine Leaves and Roots: Implications for Viticulture Practices

Growing Rice with Less Water: Improving Productivity by Decreasing Water Demand

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