Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Serum HSP70 Concentrations in Relation to Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Lean and Overweight Young Men

Abstract

Oxidants are generated by all cells during normal oxidative respiration, and as long as they are under the control of appropriate mechanisms, they act as intracellular signaling molecules participating in complex functions. Oxidative stress can also affect insulin levels in the body. The production of reactive oxygen species by-products can lead to insulin resistance. Heat shock proteins (70 kDa) protect cells from the damaging effects of heat shock but also oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to investigate the serum concentration of HSP70 in young, non-obese but overweight men (BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2) and to assess its association with the insulin resistance, lipid profile and antioxidant system of red blood cells. Fifty-seven young men were examined and divided into two groups: lean men (n = 30) and men overweight (n = 27). A statistically significant difference was observed in the BMI (p < 0.007), HSP70 concentration (p < 0.000), serum insulin concentration (p < 0.000), HOMA-IR (p < 0.0001), superoxide dismutase (p < 0.02) and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) between the studied groups. There was a negative correlation between the concentration of HSP70 with the insulin level (r = −0.50; p < 0.0004) and with the HOMA-IR (r = −0.50; p < 0.0004). These changes were associated with an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Our findings suggest that measuring the extracellular concentration of HSP70 can be an important indicator in disorders of glucose homeostasis.

Inverse Correlation of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase with Type 2 Diabetes among Rural Thais

“…However, the relationship between CAT and T2D risk on the age subgroup analyses contradicted the previous findings, which revealed that older people have a higher T2D risk than the younger ones [31,35]. The proposed reason for the conflicting results on CAT activity could be a cellular response as a compensatory adaptation to OS during the downregulation of CAT, genetic mechanisms and body fat accretion among individuals, and a disturbance in the protein tyrosine kinase and protein tyrosine phosphatase in cell signaling pathways during aging on impaired CAT activity [48].…”

Prevention by Heat Stimulation of Metabolic Syndrome Progression Based upon the Underlying Molecular Mechanism

“…The reduction of exercise-induced inflammation and oxidative stress is also exerted in the recovery process of injured tissues after exercise through the chaperone function of HSP70. There was a change in serum HSP70 concentration immediately after 60 minutes of exercise [90]. Serum-sensitive HSP70 is influenced by several pathophysiological processes, such as recovery from exercise, the process of repairing damaged tissues, and the reduction of oxidative stress due to inflammation [55].…”

Resolution of inflammation in chronic disease via restoration of the heat shock response (HSR)

“… 40 As expected, there is also a negative correlation of eHSP70 with insulin levels and HOMA-IR in overweight young men. 196 Increased eHSP72 levels are associated with sarcopenia 197 and duration of T2DM. 198 On the other hand, conditions that stimulate the tonus of the sympathetic nervous system (as probably occurring during saunas and hot tubs) can augment HSP70 release from immune cells.…”