Antioxidant Effects of Dietary Supplements on Adult COVID-19 Patients: Why Do We Not Also Use Them in Children?

Notarbartolo, Veronica; Montante, Claudio; Ferrante, Giuliana; Giuffrè, Mario

doi:10.3390/antiox11091638

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In this regard, it has been demonstrated that disulfiram, a thiol‐reacting Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved drug, is able to inhibit MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV proteases [74]. In addition, a recent review has highlighted the valuable role of anti‐oxidants (flavonoids, lactoferrin, melatonin, zinc, selenium, resveratrol) in preventing and treating SARS‐CoV‐2 infection [75]. Based on currently available data, we envision that carbocysteine may affect these main targets: inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 binding, protease/anti‐protease imbalance, ROS scavenging, and inhibition of various redox signalling pathways (Figure 3).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Carbocysteinementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of airway epithelium in viral respiratory infections: Can carbocysteine prevent or mitigate them?

Pace,

Di Vincenzo,

Ferraro

et al. 2024

Immunology

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Alterations in airway epithelial homeostasis increase viral respiratory infections risk. Viral infections frequently are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations, events that dramatically promote disease progression. Mechanism promoting the main respiratory viruses entry and virus‐evocated innate and adaptive immune responses have now been elucidated, and an oxidative stress central role in these pathogenic processes has been recognized. Presence of reactive oxygen species in macrophages and other cells allows them to eliminate virus, but its excess alters the balance between innate and adaptive immune responses and proteases/anti‐proteases and leads to uncontrolled inflammation, tissue damage, and hypercoagulability. Different upper and lower airway cell types also play a role in viral entry and infection. Carbocysteine is a muco‐active drug with anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties used for the management of several chronic respiratory diseases. Although the use of anti‐oxidants has been proposed as an effective strategy in COPD exacerbations management, the molecular mechanisms that explain carbocysteine efficacy have not yet been fully clarified. The present review describes the most relevant features of the common respiratory virus pathophysiology with a focus on epithelial cells and oxidative stress role and reports data supporting a putative role of carbocysteine in viral respiratory infections.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Carbocysteinementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of airway epithelium in viral respiratory infections: Can carbocysteine prevent or mitigate them?

Pace,

Di Vincenzo,

Ferraro

et al. 2024

Immunology

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“…Of the 93 narrative reviews included in the live review, 16 were originally identified for the nutraceuticals section and 15 were included (see Table 1). [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Of those, 6 were from the region of the Americas (Brazil, 19,20 Argentina, 21 Canada, 22 Mexico, 23 USA 24 ), 5 from the European region (Italy, 25,26 Denmark, 27 Romania, 28 Russia 29 ), 2 from the South-East Asia region (India, 30 Korea 31 ), and one each from the Western Pacific region (Australia 32 ) and Eastern Mediterranean region (Iran 33 ). The individual nutraceuticals covered by these reviews included melatonin, 20,21,25,26,28,29,31,33 quercetin, 23,26,27,30,31 PUFAs, 22,24,27,32 probiotics, 19,24,…”

Section: Narrative Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anti-oxidant (n = 3), anti-inflammatory (n = 6), and immune modulating (n = 4) properties were the main focus of the narrative reviews on melatonin. 20,21,26,28,29,30,33 Several of the reviews suggested that the actions of melatonin may be valuable for reducing complications from COVID-19 via suppression of the cytokine storm as well as improving long-term outcomes via neuroprotective effects, 26,29,31 and sleep regulation. 20,21,29 The benefits of melatonin in high-risk, aging populations and in those with long CV was also covered.…”

Section: Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and/or Treatment of COVID-19: An Umbrella Review

Karzon,

Jackson,

Lloyd

et al. 2023

CANDJ

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Background: To identify the results of published review literature regarding nutraceuticals, including probiotics, melatonin, poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), quercetin, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), and propolis as they relate to the prevention and/ or treatment of COVID-19 (CV) and/or long COVID (long CV) and to outline key areas to consider for clinical application and for further research. Methods: This paper is part of a six-part umbrella review which progresses from a living review. This review incorporates systematic reviews and narrative reviews as they relate to nutraceuticals. A live literature search occurred monthly in PubMed and Google Scholar from May 2022 to May 2023. Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews Version 2 (AMSTAR-2) scoring assessed systematic review quality, while the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) guidelines evaluated narrative reviews. Only those studies that were relevant to the nutraceuticals outlined above and that addressed COVID-19 prevention and/or treatment of CV and/or long CV were extracted from each review. Results: Fifteen narrative reviews and 16 systematic reviews were included in this umbrella review. Studies indicate that nutraceuticals may be beneficial in improving the rate of recovery from various COVID-19 symptoms, rate of conversion parameters such as rate or duration of hospital stay and risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and an improvement in various laboratory tests. Conclusion/Summary: The broad antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune modulatory characteristics make the nutraceuticals included in this review reasonable choices for further research. Of the nutraceuticals discussed above, probiotics, melatonin, NAC, and quercetin indicate the greatest potential for benefit in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and long CV.

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“…21 Of the 12 narrative reviews initially identified, eight (67%) remained for the final umbrella review after exclusion criteria were applied (Table 2). Based on the country of residence of the first author, two of the reviews were conducted from the USA, 22,23 while the others include one each from Australia, 24 Iran, 25 Italy, 26 Romania, 27 Serbia, 28 and Poland. 29 The minerals reviewed were copper, 25,27,28 iron, 28 magnesium, 25 selenium 23,[25][26][27][28][29] and zinc.…”

Section: Narrative Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the country of residence of the first author, two of the reviews were conducted from the USA, 22,23 while the others include one each from Australia, 24 Iran, 25 Italy, 26 Romania, 27 Serbia, 28 and Poland. 29 The minerals reviewed were copper, 25,27,28 iron, 28 magnesium, 25 selenium 23,[25][26][27][28][29] and zinc. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Five of the narrative reviews focused on both prevention and treatment, 22,[24][25][26][27] two on prevention, 23,29 and one on treatment.…”

Section: Narrative Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Minerals in COVID-19: An Umbrella Review

Van De Venter,

Konn,

Doherty

et al. 2023

CANDJ

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Background: This umbrella review aims to synthesize the existing literature on the preventive and therapeutic benefits of minerals zinc, selenium, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium in the context of COVID-19 prevention and management. The objective is to highlight the clinical applicability and identify avenues of future research. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar databases using predefined keywords for each mineral combined with COVID-19–related terms. Narrative and systematic reviews were included, following Cochrane guidelines. AMSTAR scoring was used to assess systematic review quality, while SANRA guidelines were used to evaluate narrative reviews. Data extraction and synthesis were performed, and reference overlap analysis was conducted (see Table S1 in the supplemental material). Results: Narrative reviews highlighted the range of therapeutic properties of minerals including antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating and the essential role they play in the prevention and treatment of many conditions, including acute respiratory conditions such as COVID-19. The systematic reviews highlighted that deficiency of key minerals such as zinc, selenium, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium are associated with increased risk of infection and decreased rate of recovery. Iron supplementation may be beneficial as functional anemia is common in those with COVID-19. Zinc supplementation may shorten the duration of olfactory dysfunction. Conclusion/Summary: Deficiency of minerals may increase the risk of infection and decrease the rate of recovery as it relates to COVID-19. Supplementation with and correction of zinc, iron and selenium deficiencies may improve clinical outcomes and immune responses in those with COVID-19."

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Antioxidant Effects of Dietary Supplements on Adult COVID-19 Patients: Why Do We Not Also Use Them in Children?

Cited by 4 publications

References 96 publications

Role of airway epithelium in viral respiratory infections: Can carbocysteine prevent or mitigate them?

Role of airway epithelium in viral respiratory infections: Can carbocysteine prevent or mitigate them?

The Role of Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and/or Treatment of COVID-19: An Umbrella Review

The Role of Minerals in COVID-19: An Umbrella Review

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