Antioxidant effect of vitamin E on diphenylamine-induced hepato-renal oxidative stress and structural changes in rat fetuses

El–Borm, Hend T.

doi:10.21608/jbaar.2021.201103

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…Accordingly, our recorded deleterious changes on spleen tissue could be attributed to the overproduction of ROS after DPA administration and a highly significant deposition of iron in the tissue (may be due to RBCs over destruction). The oxidative damage observed after DPA administration agrees with previous data from the literature (Appel et al, 1987; El‐Borm, 2021). Interestingly, Botta (1992) demonstrated that there were statistically significant increased incidences of congestion and hemosiderosis in the spleen of mice that received different doses of DPA in their diet, in addition to statistically significant decreases in RBC count and Ht.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…DPA (99% pure) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich Company. It was suspended in corn oil and administrated orally in a nonlethal dose of 400 mg/kg (1/3 LD 50 ) (El‐Borm, 2021) from the 5th to 19th day of pregnancy. All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pregnant rats were divided into three groups (10 for each) as follows: Group I (Control) received 1 mL distilled water. Group II (Corn oil group) received 1 mL corn oil (as the solvent for DPA). Group III (DPA group) received 1 mL of DPA (400 mg (1/3 LD 50 )/kg/b.wt) in corn oil (El‐Borm, 2021). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Group III (DPA group) received 1 mL of DPA (400 mg (1/3 LD 50 )/ kg/b.wt) in corn oil (El-Borm, 2021).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human health is constantly at risk due to soil pollution with DPA or its derivatives, especially if these chemicals end up in surface and subsurface waters (Blotevogel & Gorontzy, 2000; Gorontzy et al, 1994; Haas et al, 1990). DPA has been shown to be cytotoxic, genotoxic, clastogenic, mutagenic, and acutely toxic when consumed orally, administered intravenously, and when its metabolism and toxicokinetics are involved (Babish et al, 1983; Dolara et al, 1993; El‐Borm, 2021; Litton Bionetics, 1994). DPA can be ingested, applied topically, or inhaled by people, and when this happens accidentally, it can cause dermatitis (the development of vesicular and exudative eczemas) (Bazin et al, 1986; Hemmer et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron overload induced by diphenylamine triggers reactive oxygen species and apoptosis in the spleen of pregnant rats and their fetuses

et al. 2023

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Diphenylamine (DPA) is an aniline derivative, used widely as an industrial antioxidant, dye mordant, and agricultural fungicide. DPA was reported as hazardous to mammals both acutely and chronically, however little is known about the toxicity of DPA and its derivatives during pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate and explain the possible mechanism of toxicity induced by DPA on blood and spleen, as a fundamental hematopoietic target organ, in pregnant rats and their fetuses. Pregnant rats were orally administrated distilled water, corn oil, and/or DPA (400 mg/kg b.wt) from the 5th to 19th day of gestation. DPA-induced spleen toxicity was mirrored by significant upregulation of programmed death-1 (PD-1) protein expression and an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells and a decrease in their proliferating capacity. These results have been confirmed through marked G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest that was observed by flow cytometric analysis of spleen cells. Moreover, the contents of reactive oxygen species and iron in the spleen tissue were significantly higher than that of the control group. DPA resulted in severe anemia, decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to significant changes in differential leukocytic count of both mothers and fetuses. Evidently, DPA triggered serious pathological changes in the spleen tissue of both mothers and fetuses and the histochemical examination revealed a significant increase in iron expression. In conclusion, these results implicate the hemato-and splenotoxicity of DPA and the possible role of oxidative stress and apoptosis in DPA-induced toxicity in the spleen of pregnant rats and their fetuses. This in-turn suggests the urgent need to reduce exposure to DPA as possible as it can.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%