Antioxidant constituents fromSetaria viridis

Abstract

The EtOAc and n-BuOH soluble fractions from the aerial part of Setaria vindis showed a strong free radical scavenging activity. Six major compounds were isolated from these fractions. They were identified by spectral data as tricin (1), p-hydroxycinnamic acid (2), vitexin 2''-O-xyloside (3), orientin 2''-O-xyloside (4), tricin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (5) and vitexin 2"-O-glucoside (6). Among these compounds, 4 and 5 exhibited strong free radical scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). We further studied the effects of these isolated compounds on the lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes induced by non-enzymatic method. As expected, 4 and 5 exhibited significant inhibition on ascorbic/Fe2+ induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes.

Tricin—a potential multifunctional nutraceutical

“…Watanabe 1999;Kwon et al 2002;Kwon and Kim 2003;Lu et al 2006;Maurício Duarte-Almeida et al 2006;Hasegawa et al 2008;Mu et al 2008) due to its potent inhibition of lipoperoxidation and its sparing effect on vitamin E in erythrocyte membranes Rice-Evans et al 1997;Pietta 2000); as an antiviral (Li et al 2005;Sakai et al 2008); antihistaminic Kuwabara et al 2003); and in immunomodulatory (Liang et al 1997;Wang et al 2004) and antitubercular (Gu et al 2004) activities. The promising antiulcerogenic activity of tricin and its 7-glucoside was recently reported with a curative ratio of 77 and 79%, respectively (Awaad et al 2008).…”

A New Phenolic Component from Triticum aestivum Sprouts and its Effects on LPS‐Stimulated Production of Nitric oxide and TNF‐α in RAW 264.7 Cells

“…Finally, the structures yielding patterns A and B were found to be connected by an ether link between C-4′ and C-1″, as indicated by NMR and MS spectra. When measured in the same solvents, C-3′ (δ C 153.3), C-4′ (δ C 134.0), and C-5′ (δ C 153.3) of 1 (measured in DMSO) produced large differences in chemical shift relative to those of tricin (measured in DMSO) C-3′ (δ C 148.3), C-4′ (δ C 140.0), C-5′ (δ C 148.3) (Kwon et al, 2002). The same trend was observed with C-1″ (δ C 155.6), C-2″ (δ C 95.4), C-6″ (δ C 95.0) of 1 (measured in CD 3 OD) relative to those of 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl 4-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (measured in CD 3 OD) [C-1″ (δ C 156.3), C-2″ (δ C 93.2), C-6″ (δ C 96.9)] (Machida et al, 2009).…”

“…HMBC correlations of the methoxy protons (δ H 3.86) with C‐3′ and C‐5′ (δ C 153.3) indicated that two methoxy groups were substituted at C‐3′ and C‐5′. Therefore, pattern A was the result of a tricin fragment (Kwon et al ., ). Pattern B contained signals corresponding to two meta ‐position aromatic protons, H‐2″ (δ H 6.07, J = 3.0 Hz) and H‐6″ (δ H 5.47, J = 3.0 Hz), which suggested the presence of a 1,3,4,5‐ O ‐tetrasubtituted benzene ring system.…”

Artemisterol, a new steryl ester from the whole plant ofArtemisia apiacea

“…As shown in Table 1, the 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra of 1 were similar to those of b-sitosterol 8 -10 and p-hydroxycinnamic acid. 11,12 In the 1 H NMR spectrum of 1, two angular methyl singlets of 18-and 19-Me at d 0.69 and 1.00, the doublets of 21-, 26-and 27-Me at d 0.91, 0.84 and 0.79, and the broad doublet of H-6 (an olefinic proton) at d 5.34 were observed, respectively, indicating the b-sitosterol moiety of 1. The doublet signals at d 7.41 and 6.83 indicated A 2 B 2 pattern of 1,4-substituted aromatic protons, and a pair of doublets at d 7.61 and 6.28 with J ¼ 15.9 Hz showed the presence of trans-allylic moiety indicating the p-hydroxycinnamic acid moiety of 1.…”