Antioxidant-biocompatible and stable catalase-based gelatin–alginate hydrogel scaffold with thermal wound healing capability: immobilization and delivery approach

Abstract

Hydrogel-based matrix prepared using biopolymers is a new frontier of emerging platforms for enzyme immobilization for biomedical applications. Catalase (CAT) delivery can be effective in inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated prolongation of the wound healing process. In this study, to improve CAT stability for effective application, gelatin(Gel)–alginate (Alg) biocompatible hydrogel (Gel–Alg), as immobilization support, was prepared using calcium chloride as an ionic cross-linker. High entrapment efficiency of 92% was obtained with 2% Gel and 1.5% Alg. Hydrogel immobilized CAT (CAT–Gel–Alg) showed a wide range of pH from 4 to 9 and temperature stability between 20 to 60 °C, compared to free CAT. CAT–Gel–Alg kinetic parameters revealed an increased Km (24.15 mM) and a decreased Vmax (1.39 µmol H2O2/mg protein min) × 104. CAT–Gel–Alg retained 52% of its original activity after 20 consecutive catalytic runs and displayed improved thermal stability with a higher t1/2 value (half-life of 100.43 vs. 46 min). In addition, 85% of the initial activity was maintained after 8 weeks’ storage at 4 °C. At 24 h after thermal injury, a statistically significant difference in lesion sizes between the treated group and the control group was reported. Finally, our findings suggest that the superior CAT–Gel–Alg stability and reusability are resonant features for efficient biomedical applications, and ROS scavenging by CAT in the post-burn phase offers protection for local treatment of burned tissues with encouraging wound healing kinetics.

Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel Scaffold Containing nCeO2 as a Potential Osteogenic Nanomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…Previous studies have shown that GA biocompatible hydrogel prepared with calcium chloride as an ionic crosslinking agent could improve the stability of CAT and achieve effective application. 51 , 52 This might be the reason why the CAT enzyme activity of GA-nCeO 2 was higher than that of other groups. The SOD activity of GA-nCeO 2 hydrogels was slightly lower than that of pure nCeO 2 .…”

“…Previous studies have shown that GA biocompatible hydrogel prepared with calcium chloride as an ionic crosslinking agent could improve the stability of CAT and achieve effective application. 51,52 This might be the…”

Optimization of catalytic properties of Mucor racemosus lipase through immobilization in a biocompatible alginate gelatin hydrogel matrix for free fatty acid production: a sustainable robust biocatalyst for ultrasound-assisted olive oil hydrolysis

“…The phosphate groups in the buffer are thought to compete with the -COOH group of Alginate during the reaction with calcium ions resulting in a regulated gelation process. In addition, both sodium alginate and gelatin act directly as enzyme stabilizers (Abdel-Mageed et al 2022a). Furthermore, lower temperatures result in a decreased divalent cation reactivity rate, ensuing a highly ordered cross-linked gel matrix that increases mechanical characteristics as well (Abasalizadeh et al 2020).…”

Enzyme Bioink for the 3D Printing of Biocatalytic Materials

“…This can result in uneven enzyme distribution and low retention within biomaterial scaffolds due to enzymes leaching out, leading to short-term effects only. 31, 36 Hence, attempts have recently been made to covalently attach enzymes inside hydrogels, 37, 38 e.g. the conjugation of methacrylated lysozyme to chitosan 35 and hydrogels of photocurable bovine serum albumin (BSA).…”