Antioxidant, antiradical, and anticholinergic properties of cynarin purified from the Illyrian thistle (Onopordum illyricum L.)

Abstract

Cynarin is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid and it has biologically active functional groups constituent of some plants and food. We elucidated the antioxidant activity of cynarin by using different in vitro condition bioanalytical antioxidant assays like DMPD : 0.9444) and 39.34 ± 13.88 nM, respectively. This study clearly showed that cynarin had marked antioxidant, anticholinergic, reducing ability, radical-scavenging, and metal-binding activities.

Quercetin protects rat skeletal muscle from ischemia reperfusion injury

“…SOD, CAT and GPx are known as endogenous antioxidants, and the first-line defence mechanism against free radical damage 58-70 . These enzymes catalyse the conversion to less reactive species of the derived-oxygen radicals [71][72][73][74] . SOD is an important part of the antioxidant defence for the organisms.…”

NewN,N-dimethylcarbamate inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase: design synthesis and biological evaluation

“…The results are reported in Table 1. The most potent inhibitor 4 presents a percent inhibition equal to 85% at 50 mM.…”

“…AChE is present in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, including at the neuromuscular junction [2][3][4] . AChE is a serine hydrolase belonging to the esterase family.…”

A comparative study on the antioxidant effects of hesperidin and ellagic acid against skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury

“…Skeletal muscle I/R can start numerous detrimental events in tissue such as release and production of oxygen-derived radicals by the cells when exposed to ischemia, degradation of phospholipids by peroxidation, damage in endothelial and parenchymal cells, cytosolic calcium overload and edema due to increased permeability in the microcirculation 2 . Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known as reactive oxygen derivatives occurred from free radicals such as superoxide anion radicals (O À 2 ) and hydroxyl radicals (OH ) [3][4][5][6] . ROS assault to membrane lipids and this event results in lipid peroxidation [7][8][9][10] .…”