Antioxidant and hepatorenal protective effects of bee pollen fractions against propionic acid‐induced autistic feature in rats

Abstract

In the brain, propionic acid (PA) can cross cell membranes and accumulate within cells, leading to intracellular acidification, which may alter neurotransmitter release (NT), communication between neurons, and behavior. Such elevation in levels of PA constitutes a neurodevelopmental metabolic disorder called propionic acidemia, which could clinically manifest as autism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of different fractions of bee pollen (BP) on PA‐induced autism in rats, and to evaluate their effects on the expression of liver and renal biomarkers. Groups of rats received treatments of different fractions of BP at a dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight/day for a period of 1 month. Normal control group I and group II were orally administered with phosphate‐buffered saline and propionic acid, respectively, for 3 days. BP contains various health‐promoting phenolic components. Different fractions of BP administered pre‐ and post‐treatment with PA showed significant reduction in the levels of liver and renal biomarkers (p < .05). Also, a significant enhancement in the levels of glutathione S‐transferase (GST), catalase CAT), and ascorbic acid (VIT C) was observed. Supplementation with BP significantly reduced biochemical changes in the liver, kidneys, and brain of rats with PA‐induced toxicity. It exhibited protective effects against oxidative damage and reactive oxygen species produced by PA‐induced adverse reactions in rats. Taken together, our study shows that BP possesses protective effects in PA‐induced liver and kidney damage.

Calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha 1 C and glial fibrillary acidic protein signaling pathways as a selective biomarker in predicting the efficacy of liposomal loaded co-enzyme Q in the autistic rat model

“…Mitochondrial dysfunction causes the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) abnormality and loss of cellular integrity of some organs such as liver and enzymes of this organ come out of the cell resulting in cellular leakage and an increase in serum levels. The significantly higher level of serum AST and ALT in the PPA autistic rat model were consistent with other studies [25] .…”

Translational Research on Bee Pollen as a Source of Nutrients: A Scoping Review from Bench to Real World

“…In addition, studies of BP extracts obtained by diverse solvents, including ethanolic [ 148 , 156 , 167 , 168 ], hydroethanolic [ 15 , 154 , 171 , 179 ], and diverse organic solvent-mediated extracts [ 150 , 151 , 153 , 175 ], have noted important antioxidant activities regardless of the extraction media. These bioeffects were also widely reported in animal models by studies that focused on different anatomical organs and physiological systems including renal [ 174 ], nervous [ 139 , 174 ], digestive [ 144 , 151 ], and reproductive [ 172 , 185 ] systems, as well as on different biochemical, hematological, and toxicological markers at systemic levels [ 137 , 165 , 184 ].…”

Plasma Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Relationship between Immune Function and Metabolic Changes in Holstein Peripartum Dairy Cows

“…NEFAs were negatively correlated with IgG at −7 d, and 0 d and negatively correlated with IL-2 at −7 d, +7 d, and +21 d. Excessive NEFAs also can induce liver oxidative stress and lead to inflammatory cytokine in hepatocyte injury through the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) [ 32 ]. The major biomarkers of hepatocytic injury include elevated levels of intracellular enzymes such as AST, GGT, and ALP [ 33 ]. In this study, the concentrations of ALP and GGT in plasma were significantly increased before calving, indicating hepatocellular injury.…”