Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of Procyanidins from Wild Grape (Vitis amurensis) Seeds in Ethanol-Induced Cells and Rats

Abstract

In the present study, we characterized the antioxidant and hepatoprotective mechanisms underlying of wild grape seed procyanidins (WGP) against oxidative stress damage in ethanol-treated HepG2 cell and Sprague-Dawley (SD)-rat models. In HepG2 cells, WGP not only diminished the ethanol (EtOH, 100 mM)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) expression, but also renovated both the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of WGP, rats were orally administered 10 or 50 mg/kg WGP once daily for seven days prior to the single oral administration of EtOH (6 g/kg). The results show that WGP administration decreased the EtOH-induced augment of the levels of serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase as well as serum alcohol and acetaldehyde. WGP treatment upregulated the activities and protein levels of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and antioxidant enzymes but downregulated the protein expression level of liver CYP2E1 in EtOH-treated rats. Moreover, the decreased phosphorylation levels of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) by ethanol were induced in both HepG2 cell and rat models. Overall, pretreatment of WGP displayed the protective activity against EtOH-mediated toxicity through the regulation of antioxidant enzymes and alcohol metabolism systems via MAPKs pathways.

Hepato- and Nephroprotective Effects of the Polyphenol Concentrate From Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Varieties Cultivated in Kazakhstan in the Experimental Model Of CCL4-Induced Toxicity

“…Different in vivo studies on animals reported that carbon tetrachloride causes liver and kidney injuries 29,30 through generation of electrophilic trichloromethyl (CCl3) radicals 31 . Similar hepatoprotective effects of different seed extracts of red grape varieties were reported not only in the model of CCl4 induced liver damage in rats 32 , but also in the experiments that involed the poisoning of rats with ethanol 33,34 , acetaminophen-induced liver injury 35,36 , dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver damage in rats 35,36 , as well as on liver steatosis 37 and in γ-irradiated rat 38 . Our results on hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of grape polyphenol concentrate are similar to the effects of grape seed extract, described by other researchers.…”

Grape Seed Extract Attenuates Hepatitis C Virus Replication and Virus-Induced Inflammation

“…In addition, there are also demonstrated that antioxidant therapy may have cytoprotective effects against acute or chronic inflammation and beneficial effects against viral hepatitis. Previous studies demonstrated the remarkable hepatoprotective effects of GSE in offering an enhanced antioxidant response associated with the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, lipogenesis, fatty acids oxidation, and diabetes in liver disease (Ray et al, 1999; Belviranli et al, 2015; Madi Almajwal and Farouk Elsadek, 2015; Bak et al, 2016). Therefore, it is still needed to identify whether GSE-induced antioxidant response participating in the anti-HCV response and anti-inflammatory activities of GSE because the compounds may possibly contain various active constitutes.…”

Optimization of Extraction of Hypoglycemic Ingredients from Grape Seeds and Evaluation of α‐Glucosidase and α‐Amylase Inhibitory Effects In Vitro

“…Procyanidins demonstrates various therapeutic properties, such as radical scavenging, and several health benefits, which have been reported that have strong antioxidative in vitro (Bak et al., ; Coleman, Dube, Gerardi, Ashraf‐Khorassani, & Taylor, ; Goldstein, Czapski, & Heller, ) and have antioxidative activity in vivo (Wang et al., ). Grape procyanidins has excellent antioxidant performance and significant scavenging free radicals, anticardiovascular (Fitzpatrick, Bing, Maggi, Fleming, & O'Malley, ), antitumor, antiradiation, anti‐aging, anti‐inflammatory, antifatigue, improve visual function, and antiulcer activities (Yang, Zhang, Guan, & Hua, ).…”