Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of six Fucoids from the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean

Abstract

BACKGROUD: In recent years, research on the bioactive properties of macroalgae has increased, due to the great interest in exploring new products that can contribute to improve human health and wellbeing. In the present study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of six different brown algae of the Fucales order were evaluated, namely Ericaria selaginoides, Ericaria amentacea, Gongolaria baccata, Gongolaria usneoides, Cystoseira compressa and Sargassum vulgare (collected along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts). The antioxidant capacity was measured by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, the oxygen radical absorbent capacity (ORAC) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and were related to the total phenolic content (TPC). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated measuring the growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. RESULTS:The highest antioxidant capacity was obtained for Ericaria selaginoides revealing the highest capacity to scavenge DPPH radical [half maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ) = 27.02 ∼g mL −1 ], highest FRAP (1761.19 ∼mol FeSO 4 equivalents g −1 extract), high ORAC (138.92 ∼mol TE g −1 extract), alongside to its high TPC (121.5 GAE g −1 extract). This species also reported the highest antimicrobial capacity against Staphylococcus aureus [half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) = 268 ∼g mL −1 ].CONCLUSIONS: Among all studied seaweed, Ericaria selaginoides reveals the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and thus should be explored as a natural food additive and/or functional ingredient.

Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Liver Cancer Cells’ Growth of Extracts from 14 Marine Macroalgae Species of the Mediterranean Sea

“…They also concluded that polyphenols’ identification from marine macroalgae presents many difficulties due to there being complex samples and polyphenols’ presence at low concentrations [ 64 ]. The differences in polyphenols’ determination between our study and other studies may be attributed to different factors such as geographical location and season of collection, as well as extraction and chemical analysis methods [ 50 , 51 , 56 ].…”

“…In addition, S. vulgare extract was demonstrated to have a TPC of 6.60 mg GAE/g dw, being about 3-fold higher than that of our extract, but dichloromethane along with methanol was used for extraction [ 56 ].…”

“…IC 50 value of 812.22 μg/mL. De La Fuente et al [ 56 ] attributed C. compressa ’s antioxidant activity, at least in part, to a sulphated polysaccharide extract with a DPPH . IC 50 of 142.5 μg/mL.…”

“…However, they used 70% v/v acetone for extraction [ 50 ] instead of 80% v/v methanol, which we used. Interestingly, De La Fuente et al [ 56 ] showed an extract of sulphated polysaccharides from S. vulgare from the Mediterranean Sea to exhibit an IC 50 of 695.5 μg/mL. Mezghani et al [ 62 ] reported DPPH .…”

Photoprotective and Anti-Aging Properties of the Apical Frond Extracts from the Mediterranean Seaweed Ericaria amentacea

“…In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory, photoprotective, antioxidant and hydrolytic enzyme-inhibitory activities on skin cells of two organic extracts obtained from different portions (apices and thalli) of the brown seaweed, Ericaria amentacea . Indeed, some bioactive properties of this Mediterranean brown seaweed have already been demonstrated in recent works [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. E. amentacea is a protected species (listed as “of community interest” according to the European Union’s Habitat Directive 92/43/EEC, under surveillance by the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), the Berne Convention—Council of Europe, 1979, and the Barcelona Convention—UNEP/MAP, 2009) and its indiscriminate collection, even for pharmaceutical purposes, is undesirable.…”