Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats

Umar, Sheriff Itopa; Lawal, Bashir; Mohammed, Bala Alkali; Obiekezie, Cyril Ifeanyi; Adewuyi, Abdulsalam Hassan; Babalola, Shukurat Bisola; Ariyeloye, Stephen Damaola

doi:10.32598/ijt.13.4.516.2

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…3 These proteins and enzymes are mainly found in the liver, but when a compromise in the liver's integrity occurs, they are released in significant amounts. 30,31 As our results indicated, the methanol extract of C. edulis did not alter levels of the assessed liver biochemical parameters. This suggests that the extract didn't prompt necrotic damage or inflammation to the liver; hence, it is not hepatotoxic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Profile of Root Bark Methanol Extract of Carissa Edulis Vahl

Mbiri¹,

Ogila²,

Kisangau³

et al. 2023

Pharmacogn J.

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Carissa edulis belongs to the Apocynaceae family. 6 It extensively occurs in Africa. 7 In addition, C. edulis is cultivated in Indian Ocean Islands, India, and Thailand. 7 Carissa edulis is used as a traditional remedy for diabetes, ulcers, headaches, rheumatism, breast cancer, rabies, HIV and AIDs, syphilis, gonorrhea, epilepsy, inflammation, pain, worm infestation, sickle cell anemia, hernia, fever, among other conditions. 8,9 Various biological activities of C. edulis including, antiplasmodial, anti-inflammatory, 11 analgesic, 12 antipyretic, antiviral, 13 anticonvulsant, 14 hypoglycemic, diuretic, 16 antimicrobial, 17 among others, have been reported.Despite the wide usage of C. edulis in traditional medicine, only minimal scientific toxicity data is available. Therefore, this study's objective was to investigate acute and sub-acute toxicity levels of C. edulis root bark methanol extract in albino Wistar rats. This study provides crucial information on the safety profile of C. edulis that can be leveraged in determining dosages for pre-clinical trials. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plant sampleA root bark sample of C. edulis was acquired from Kitui County, Kenya (longitude 37.7558° E, latitude 1.3099° S; about 153 km from Nairobi city) in March 2021. A local herbalist helped in the discernment of the plant. The sample was verified at the East African Herbarium, and a sample specimen was deposited there (accession number: JWM001). Sample preparation, extraction, and bioassays were conducted at Kenyatta University.The sample was chopped up into smaller bits and shade-dried till perfectly dry. Utilizing an electric mill, the sample was reduced into fine powder. The powder was packaged in a khaki bag and labeled accordingly. 18

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Profile of Root Bark Methanol Extract of Carissa Edulis Vahl

Mbiri¹,

Ogila²,

Kisangau³

et al. 2023

Pharmacogn J.

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“…Furthermore, more than 20% of conventional and standardize drugs have a phytochemical backbone [1]. Virtually all human diseases including infectious disease, inflammatory, analgesic, diabetics, malaria, hepatorenal diseases and disease associated with oxidative stress have been treated or manage with medicinal plants [3][4][5][6][7]. Furthermore, the safety of medicinal plants as oppose to the undesirable side effect associated with the use of synthetic drug made medicinal plants a worthy alternative to synthetic drugs [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological activities of Azanza garckeana (Goron Tula) grown in Nigeria

Yusuf

Lawal

Sani³

et al. 2020

Clin Phytosci

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Background The present study evaluated the phytochemical profiles, anti-oxidants, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-arthritic and wound healing effect of methanol and ethyl-acetate extracts of Azanza garckeana. Results Methanol extract had higher phenol, flavonoids and alkaloids concentrations, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities than ethyl-acetate extract. Ethyl-acetate and methanol extracts had IC50 of 119.40 μg/mL and 133.49 μg/mL respectively against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) radicals. The extracts were more active against Klebsiella pneumonia while the least activity was recoded against Bacillus subtilis with methanol been most potent than ethyl-acetate. The IC50 value of methanol extract in inhibition of protein denaturation were 310.44 μg/mL and 315.27 μg/mL while IC50 value of 354.74 μg/mL and 349.57 μg/mL were recorded for membrane stabilization effect in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg albumin (EGA) assays respectively. There was dose dependent in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with highest percentage paw oedema inhibitions of 51.68% and analgesia of 46.36% at 600 mg/kg bw of the methanol extract. The extract caused dosed independent increase percentage wound closure with percentage wound contraction range between 65.24 ± 2.46 and 69.68 ± .2.54 compare to untreated wound (15.35 ± 0.35 to 50.35 ± 2.35%). Conclusion This study lends pharmacological support to folkloric usage of Azanza garckeana in the treatment and management of several human disease.

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“…At the moment, about 20% of the currently existing medications contain high percentage of phytochemicals as a part of their bioactive constituents [11]. The bulk of the human diseases emerging from the activities of microorganisms, infections, disordered conditions from metabolic difficulties, and illnesses related to oxidative stress use therapeutic plants [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Glucose Uptake in Yeast Cell Facilitated by Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Okra Seed) for Management of Type 2 Diabetes

Aloysius,

Felekkis,

Petrou

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In vitro glucose uptake in yeast cell facilitated by Abelmoschus esculentus L. (okra seed) for management of type 2 diabetes was studied. Plant material was collected, identified, processed, and stored for further use. 80% methanol was employed for extraction and sonicated to release antidiabetic-bioactive component in solution and was filtered, concentrated, freeze-dried, and fractionated using standard techniques. Glucose uptake at an initial concentration of 5mM/L and 10mM/L by the crude extract was consistent to that of the known standard drug while at 25mM/L glucose concentration was equivalent with the crude extract. Also, at 0.625 mg/mL the linear equations, and R2 demonstrations that the crude extract was higher in dose predictability than the standard drug as presented by the equation; y = 35.754x - 57.822, and R² = 0.9502 (95%). The extract-fractions were employed to evaluate the ability of yeast cell line culture to take up glucose from the system through DPPH, FRAP, lipid peroxidation and anti-diabetes effect of extract-fraction assays. Extract-fractions were found to poses antioxidant activity high enough to inhibit stress-related diseases. The extract fractions were active as drug candidates both at low and high concentrations and were better compared with the standard drug and standard antioxidant was comparable. The high bioactive extract fractions require encapsulation with a nanoparticle as a drug candidate for type 2 diabetes patients. And an animal trial of the drug candidate may be necessary to monitor the in vivo performances of the extract fractions and subsequent human volunteered trial.

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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Profile of Root Bark Methanol Extract of Carissa Edulis Vahl

Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Profile of Root Bark Methanol Extract of Carissa Edulis Vahl

Pharmacological activities of Azanza garckeana (Goron Tula) grown in Nigeria

In Vitro Glucose Uptake in Yeast Cell Facilitated by Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Okra Seed) for Management of Type 2 Diabetes

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