Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties of Extracts from Three Underutilized Food Plants of North East India

Abstract

Three underutilized leafy vegetables Sarcochlamys pulcherrima (Roxb.) Gaudich (SP), Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. (IA) and Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC (ZR) were extracted with different solvents viz. 95 % ethyl alcohol, methanol and hot water. The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant potential via DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assay along with electroanalytical studies using cyclic voltammetry. The antidiabetic potential was determined by recording their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) based phytochemical profiles of the extracts were also determined. All three extracts of SP exhibited significant antioxidant capacity. The antidiabetic potential of the IA and ZR extracts was found to be higher than or at par with that of standard acarbose. LC/MS studies reveal the presence of hitherto reported antioxidant and antidiabetic compounds like gammaaminobutyric acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, α-viniferin, piperlonguminine, niacin, kaempferol, etc., in the extracts.

Phenolic Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Chrysanthemum indicum and Opisthopappus Shih during Different Growth Stages

“…Among in vivo and in vitro methods of evaluation of antioxidant activity, spectrophotometric determination is more attractive because of its simplicity, convenience, and availability. [22,23] Taking into account the various modes of action of antioxidants, a multiple-method approach for the estimation of antioxidant activity is advisable. Since methods for measuring antioxidant potential published recently showed that DPPH and ABTS assays are the easiest to implement and yield the most reproducible results, [6,22] the antioxidant activity assay was carried out to assess the ability of C. indicum and O. shih during growth to scavenge free radicals in vitro expressed by DPPH radical and ABTS radical cation assays in this study.…”

“…ABTS + * has been often used in the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of single compounds and complex mixtures of various origins (body fluids, foods, beverages, and plant extracts). [22] ABTS + * is generated by the oxidation of ABTS with potassium persulfate. ABTS + * is decolorized by antioxidants according to their concentrations and antioxidant capacities.…”

“…Indeed, the significant correlation between DPPH and ABTS assays may be due to their similar reaction mechanisms. [13,22] A strong correlation between TFC and TPC content of plant extracts should be their chemical composition similarity, in fact, flavonoid compounds belong to the largest class of phenolics. [30] TPC content had a positive relationship with the antioxidant capacity of extracts, revealing that the presence of phenolic compounds in plant extracts contributes significantly to their antioxidant potential, which was in agreement with previous reports.…”

“…[30] TPC content had a positive relationship with the antioxidant capacity of extracts, revealing that the presence of phenolic compounds in plant extracts contributes significantly to their antioxidant potential, which was in agreement with previous reports. [22,23,27]…”

“…TPC was determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method using gallic acid as the standard. [22,26] First, 1 mL of an appropriately diluted sample or gallic acid standard was added to a 10 mL tube. Then, 0.2 mL of 0.413 g/mL of Folin phenol reagent was added.…”