Antioxidant and Anticancer Roles of a Novel Strain ofBacillus anthracisIsolated from Vermicompost Prepared from Paper Mill Sludge

Abstract

Mass production of vermicompost using suitable species of earthworms and selecting target organic waste materials has appeared to be a great development in the realm of biotechnological research for the sustainable eco-management. Although, for the bioconversion of organic wastes to vermicompost, suitable earthworm species play major roles, a hoard of bacterial assemblages by virtue of production of different enzymes facilitate the process of vermicomposting. The present study has documented the roles of vermicompost associated bacteria in combating, preventing, and controlling of cancer so as to open a new vista not only in the field of vermitechnology but also on biomedical research. Earthworms' associated bacterial metabolic products having their unique physicochemical excellence have gained importance due to their roles as a facilitator of apoptosis (programed cell death in a MCF-7 cell line). The antioxidant and anticancer activities of ethyl acetate extracts' of vermicompost associated bacterium Bacillus anthracis were undertaken by antioxidant assay which revealed maximum DPPH radical scavenging effect (75.79 ± 5.41%) of the extracts' at 9 00 μg ml-1. Furthermore, the crude extracts obtained from the same bacteria were found to decrease the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) with the increase in doses. MTT assay showed potent cytotoxic activity against human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) with the IC50 value of 46.64 ± 0.79 μg ml-1. It was further confirmed through Hoechst 33258 staining of nuclear fragmentation assay and DNA fragmentation analysis. Western blotting test has confirmed a downregulation of Akt upon application of crude extracts. Increase of SOD activity along with decrease of Akt level reflects that the mode of action is entirely PI-3K dependent. This study tends to indicate that B. anthracis isolated from vermicompost could be potentially explored for the development of new therapeutic agents, especially against cancer.

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“…In agreement with some earlier studies on some microbial extracts, the results clearly indicated that the crude extract of Halomonas sp. HA1 showed a significant anticancer effect on HepG2 cells associated with decreased viability and morphological alterations of the treated cells leading eventually to cell death 29,30,38 . To investigate the pro-apoptotic pathway of H. HA1 bacterial extract, the changes in apoptosis regulatory genes upon applying the extract on HepG2 cells were evaluated.…”

Assessment of qualitative enrichment of organic paper mill wastes through vermicomposting: humification factor and time of maturity

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Extract of bacterial strain isolated from cave in the eastern Amazon induces selective cytotoxicity on tumor line of murine melanoma

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