Antioxidant and anticancer efficacy of therapeutic bioactive compounds from fermented olive waste

Abstract

Olive pomace, which is considered as one of the worst agro-industrial wastes in Mediterranean countries was tested for bioactive compounds production through the solid state fermentation of Kluyveromyces marxianus. Because they present potent biological activities, phenolic compounds from both unfermented and fermented pomace were extracted with simultaneous evaluation of their antioxidant and anticancer activities. Conditions for optimum total phenolic recovery with maximum antioxidant activity were optimized using methanol as the extracting solvent with a sample to solvent ratio of 1:10 at 50 °C for 2 hours. The in-vitro anticancer activity of both extracts was assessed against different human cancer cell lines. The results revealed that both extracts exerted anticancer effects close to the value of doxorubicin drug against liver HepG2 and breast MCF-7 cell lines, and moderate activity against prostate PC3 and colon HCT116 cell lines. Nevertheless, the fermented extract was more potent than the unfermented one. No effect against lung A549, cervix Hela cancer cell lines or normal HFB4 cells was observed for both extracts. A GC/MS analysis was carried out to determine the compounds responsible for antioxidant and anticancer activities. The results showed the presence of methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, and ethyl oleate in the methanolic extract of unfermented olive pomace, while that of the fermented one showed the production of carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, caryophyllene oxide and methyl isopalmitate.

Olive Pâté by Multi-Phase Decanter as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds of Both Nutraceutical and Anticancer Effects

“…Its main properties have been reported in many studies that have highlighted its biological activities. Specifically, their effects on human health are anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antimicrobial and anticancer [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Recent studies [ 9 ] suggest that the main biophenols found in Olea europaea L. products and sub-products may be used as a potential source of both antioxidant and anticancer effects, and in particular, in ovarian cancer that is characterized by a high mortality rate among gynecological malignancies worldwide.…”

Long-Term Evaluation of Mesophilic Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Olive Mill Solid Waste Pretreated with Steam-Explosion

“…On one hand, the olive oil industry has to compete with other low-cost vegetable oils, such as sunflower or palm oil. On the other hand, it is required to develop sustainable and environmentally friendly management for the olive mill solid waste (OMSW) generated during extraction [1]. The OMSW results from the two-phase olive oil manufacturing process, being a high-humidity and polluting waste, where the remains of olive fruit are retained.…”

Potencial antitumoral dos compostos fenólicos de produtos da oliveira (Olea europaea L.): uma revisão integrativa da literatura

“…Além dos compostos fenólicos isolados, os extratos das águas de resíduos (DORW) também exercem atividade antiproliferativa sobre células MDA-MB-231, comparável ao hidroxitirosol e ao 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), demonstrando o potencial dos extratos de águas de resíduos como fonte de compostos fenólicos para aplicações nutracêuticas, como suplementos alimentares, abrindo novas estratégias para a valorização dos resíduos de produtos da oliveira (Ramos et al, 2013). Outros subprodutos da oliveira que vem ganhando destaque são os extratos do bagaço da azeitona não fermentada (UFOP) e fermentada (FOP), que foram avaliados em MCF-7 nas quais os extratos metanólicos de UFOP e FOP exibiram potente atividade antiproliferativa com IC50 de 25,50 ± 2,67 e 23,25 ± 2,43 μg/ml para UFOP e FOP, respectivamente (doxorrubicina IC50: 24,00 ± 2,72 μg/ml), demonstrando que o IC50 de UFOP e FOP foi próximo ao valor do quimioterápico doxorrubicina (Mahmoud et al, 2018).…”

“…O efeito antioxidante e anticâncer dos extratos UFOP e FOP foram estudados em um modelo in vitro de câncer de próstata humano pelo ensaio de coloração SulfoRhodamine-B (SRB), o qual apresentou atividade moderada contra as células PC-3, com IC50 de 38,00 ± 5,06 e 32,90 ± 4,62 µg/ml para UFOP e FOP, respectivamente (Mahmoud et al, 2018).…”

“…Ainda, UFOP e FOP foram estudados em modelo in vitro utilizando células HCT116 e pode-se evidenciar que os extratos metanólicos de UFOP e FOP exibem atividade anticâncer moderada contra as linhagens celulares HCT116, onde o IC50 foi 33,88 ± 3,96 e 32,40 ± 4,13 μg/mL para UFOP e FOP, respectivamente (doxorrubicina IC50: 19,83 ± 2,11 μg/mL) destacando que o efeito do FOP é mais potente do que o UFOP nesta linhagem, atividade que pode ser atribuída a fermentação do bagaço da azeitona que aumenta esses compostos (Mahmoud et al, 2018).…”