Antioxidant activity of ginseng cultivated under mountainous forest with different growing years

Abstract

Ginseng cultivated and grown naturally under mountainous forest is formally called “Lin-Xia-Shan-Shen” (LXSS) and grown in manual condition is called garden ginseng (GG) according to Chinese pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). Usually the growing condition of LXSS is similar to wild ginseng and mostly used in Chinese folks in ancient times. The antioxidant properties of LXSS with different growing years were evaluated by their inhibitions of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBA-RS) formation in liver homogenate and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging activity comparing with those of GG. The inhibitions of different polar extracts (n-butanol and water) of LXSS and GG on TBA-RS formation were also evaluated. The results showed that the antioxidant effects of LXSS were higher than those of GG and the TBARS formation inhibition of LXSS with longer growing years were stronger than those with shorter growing years, while the DPPH-radical scavenging activity of LXSS did not show significant difference with the change of the growing year. The results indicated that the inhibitory effect of TBA-RS formation and the DPPH-radical scavenging of LXSS were correlated with the contents of ginsenosides. In adddition, the starch contents of LXSS and GG were determined by micro-amount method with spectrophotometer. It showed that the starch content in GG was higher than that of LXSS whose starch decreased gradually with the growing year.

Ginsenoside and phenolic compounds in hydromethanolic extracts of American ginseng cell cultures and their antioxidant properties

“…3), indicate that phenolic compounds that are stronger than ginsenoside also contribute to the antioxidant potential of the P. quinquefolium cell cultures. Our results confirm the findings of previous studies, which indicate that phenolic compounds are the main antioxidant components in plants and that their level is closely related to the plant antioxidant potential [35,37]. Similar observations were made for ginseng roots grown under different conditions; phenolic compounds were found to have a stronger influence on antioxidant activity than saponins [17].…”

“…It has been reported that the antioxidant properties can be related to the levels of phenolic compounds and ginsenosides in naturally-grown plant material [7,[35][36][37]. The present study is the first to evaluate both the ginsenoside and total phenolic compound contents in P. quinquefolium cell culture extracts and determine their antioxidant capacity.…”

Protective Effect ofArtemisia asiaticaExtract and Its Active Compound Eupatilin against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage

“…The radical scavenging activity of A. asiatica and eupatilin against DPPH was determined spectrophotometrically. In microwells, 100 μ L of an aqueous solution of the completely dissolved sample (control: 100 μ L DW) was added to an ethanolic solution of DPPH (100 μ L, 60 μ M) according to the reported method [ 25 ]. The final concentrations of the tested samples in the assayed solution were 10, 25, 50, and 100 μ g/mL.…”

Optimization of Extraction Condition of Methyl Jasmonate-treated Wild Ginseng Adventitious Root Cultures using Response Surface Methodology

“…The concentration of ginsenosides and amino acids in wild ginseng are much higher than those of cultivated ginseng. Wild ginseng also reported to have enhanced host defense components and biological activities (Pan et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2016).…”