Antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts from Crataegus oxyacantha leaves

Abstract

Background: Crataegus (Rosaceae) genus comprises more than 200 species worldwide but few species have been used medicinally. In the Mediterranean region, the predominant species of this genus is C. oxyacantha syn. Monogyna (known as Hawthorn) which is protective against the treatment of mild heart diseases. Methods: The leaves were collected at three different stages (vegetative, flowering and fruiting). The aim of this work was to determine total phenol, flavonoid, flavon and flavonol contents, as well as antioxidant activity of hawthorn leaves aqueous extracts. Chemical determinations were carried out using spectrophotometric methods, whereas antioxidant activity was assessed according to 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH), iron chelating ability and reducing power. Results: Total phenol content varied from 96.75 to 168.92 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g of dry weight; flavonoids ranged from 3.9 ± 1.51 to 16.35 ± 2.51 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/100 g of dry weight from the extract of leaves at flowering, vegetative and fruiting stages respectively; and the flavons and flavonols ranged from 26.36 ± 1.02 to 40.16 ± 1.95 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/100 g of dry weight. The leaves extract at flowering stage showed high scavenging activity against the free radical DPPH with an IC50 value of 45.23 ± 0.07 µg/ml. The leaves extract from all the stages exhibited low ferrous chelating activity and reducing power activity (IC 50 between 262.26 ± 1.32 and 506.04 ± 1.95 µg/ml) compared to BHA (IC 50 41.41 ± 0.51 µg/ml).Key words: Antioxidant activity, C. oxyacantha, Hawthorn, Phenolic content, Rosaceae. SUMMARY• The leaves at the flowering stage showed the highest polyphenol and flavonoid content followed by those at the vegetative andfruiting stages.• The extract of leaves in the vegetative stage shows the higher content of flavones and flavones.• The leaves extract at floweringstage showed high scavenging activity against the free radical DPPH.• The leaves extract from all the stagesexhibited low ferrous chelating activity and reducing power activity. PICTORIAL ABSTRACTAbbreviations used: DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), BHA (butylated hydroxyanisol), Na 2 co 3 (Sodium carbonate), Alcl 3 (Aluminium chloride), EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), QE (quercetin equivalent), GAE (gallic acid equivalent). Correspondence:AMOR INTRODUCTIONFree radicals are fundamental to any biochemical process and represent an essential part of aerobic life and metabolism. The oxygen consumption inherent in cell growth leads to the generation of a series of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 1 ROS, which include free radicals such as superoxide anion radicals (O 2 .-), hydroxyl radicals (OH · ) and non-free radical species such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), are various forms of activated oxygen. The interaction of these species with molecules of a lipid produces new radicals (hydro peroxides and peroxides). In response to a variety of factors including tobacco smoke, pollutants...

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, and Antihyperglycemic Activities ofCrataegus monogynaJacq Aqueous Extract

“…Similarly, the IC 50 values are in the order of 1.86 ± 0.01 mg/mL and 9.23 ± 0.01 mg/mL for ascorbic acid, and C monogyna , respectively. Our results demonstrated that the aqueous extract of C monogyna had less radical trapping activity than the ethanolic extract of IC 50 leaves (22.5 µg/mL) found by Fouzia et al 31 Furthermore, Amor and Belhattab 39 reported an IC 50 of C monogyna aqueous leaf extract ranging from 45 to 725 µg/mL at different vegetation stages. Coimbra et al 40 reported that the extracts obtained from C monogyna demonstrated an IC 50 value of 36.11 g/mL.…”