Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Herbal Infusions Consumed in Brazil Activid Ad Antioxidante Y Compuestos Fenólicos en Infusiones Herbarias Consumid as en Brasil

Abstract

Processed tea and herbal infusions were studied for their phenol content, antioxidant activity and main flavonoids. Total phenolics were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and ranged from N.D. to 46.46 ± 0.44 mg/g GAE. Flavonoids were investigated by HPLC, and myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol were identified in black, green, and chamomile tea. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using two methods: DPPH and β-carotene bleaching test (BCB). Using the BCB, the highest activities were found for infusions of black tea, mate, lemongrass, chamomile, and fennel; whereas fresh herbal infusions presented the lowest activities. Using the DPPH method, fresh herbal infusions presented the highest activities. Processed leaves with the lowest IC 50 values were green and black tea (147.63 and 288.60 µg/mL, respectively). The results of this research show that the infusions studied are good source of compounds presenting antioxidant activity in vitro. ResumenSe estudio el contenido de compuestos fenólicos, principales flavonoides y la actividad antioxidante de tés procesados e infusiones herbarias. Los compuestos fenólicos totales fueron determinados por el método de Folin-Ciocalteu y variaron desde N.D. hasta 46,46 ± 0,44 mg/g GAE. Los flavonoides fueron investigados por HPLC y la miricetina, quercetina y kaempferol fueron identificados en té negro, verde y en infusión de manzanilla. La actividad antioxidante fue evaluada usando dos metodologías, DPPH y el método de decoloración del µ-caroteno (DBC). Utilizando el DBC, las actividades más elevadas fueron encontradas en las infusiones del té negro, del mate, de la hierba limón, de la manzanilla y del hinojo, mientras que las infusiones herbarias frescas presentaron las actividades más bajas. Utilizando el método de DPPH las infusiones herbarias frescas presentaron las actividades más altas. Las hojas procesadas con los valores más bajos IC 50 fueron el té verde y negro (147,63 y 288,60 µg/mL, respectivamente). Los resultados de esta investigación demuestran que las infusiones analizadas son una buena fuente de compuestos que presentan actividad antioxidante in vitro.

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