Antioxidant Activities, Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Contents and Antibacterial Activity of Anvillea radiata (Coss. & Dur.) Flowers from Southeast Algeria

Abstract

Anvillea garcinii subsp. radiata (Coss. & Dur.) are an endemic species of Sahara region especially in Morocco and Algeria. This plant is widely used in traditional medicine. The extraction of phenolic compounds from A. radiata flowers is carried out using solvents of different polarity (chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol). The yields of extraction from the flowers were 19.34, 0.278, 0.149, 1.750 and 3.308 % for the crude, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous extracts, respectively. The amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial properties of extracts of A. radiata flowers. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by measuring the ability of the extracts to scavenge the DPPH, ferric reducing power FRAP and phosphomolybdenum assay. The maximum extractable total phenolics and flavonoids were recorded in ethyl acetate fraction, while the tannins were present in chloroform fraction. Among the five extracts of A. radiata flowers, the maximum DPPH free radical scavenging activity was shown in ethyl acetate and butanol fractions (IC50 = 0.20 ± 0.001 and 0.31 ± 0.004 mg/mL, respectively). The highest activity of FRAP assay and phosphomolybdenum reduction was observed in butanol fraction (358.58 ± 12.55 and 95.09 ± 0.67 mM, respectively). The results were compared with natural and synthetic antioxidants. In antibacterial properties, the chloroform extract has the highest activity. These results implied that these plant extracts may possess health promoting effects and might be potential sources of potent natural antioxidant and antimicrobial.