Antioxidant Activities of Fermented Sophorae fructus, and Inhibitiory Actions on Tyrosinase and Elastase

Abstract

This study was undertaken to measure the physicochemical characteristics, and tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity of Sophorae fructus fermented with various useful microorganisms (BS: Bacillus subtilis, CU: Candida utilis, SC: Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CHY1011, LP: Lactobacillus plantarum, LC: Lactobacillus casei), to investigate the potential for future application of Sophorae fructus as an industrial raw material in health functional foods and cosmetics. The highest yield of freeze-dried powder of fermented Sophorae fructus was obtained with LP. The total phenol content was highest in the group fermented by CU. Maximum flavonoid contents were obtained in the control group, but the group fermented by CU had highest total flavonoid content as compared to other fermented groups. The DPPH radical scavenging activity showed IC50 values of 0.20 mg/mL and 0.18 mg/mL in the control group and the group fermented by BS, respectively, whereas the ABTS radical scavenging activities had IC50 values of 1.15 mg/mL and 0.86 mg/mL for control group and the group fermented by CU, respectively. Highest FRAP value was obtained in the CU group. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was determined to be the highest at 10 mg/mL in the LP fermented group, whereas elastase inhibition was highest at 1 mg/mL in the BS fermented group. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity revealed inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus growth. Taken together, our results indicate that fermentation of Sophora fructose using various microorganisms has the potential to be developed for use in functional foods and cosmetics, due to the acquired property of increased antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition.

Enhancement of TRP Gene Expression and UV Absorption by Bioconverted Chestnut Inner Shell Extracts Using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

“…To this end, when comparing tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI) of UCS and BCS to confirm the effect of enhancing skin-whitening by bioconversion, TAI of BCS was measured at 68.8 ± 0.38%, an increase of 1.2-times compared to UCS ( Figure 2 A). These findings outperform previous studies that a 1.2-times increase in TAI to 60.6%, through the bioconversion of Sophhorae fructus , confirming BCS effectively inhibits the tyrosinase activity [ 24 ]. Therefore, BCS can be used as a natural material for the skin-whitening effect because it has an excellent effect in inhibiting melanin production compared to other plant extracts.…”