Antioral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Effects of Carvacrol via Inhibiting Inflammation, Proliferation, and Migration Related to Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway

Liu, Hui; Xu, Xiaoliang; Wu, Ran; Bi, Lei; Zhang, Chunguang; Chen, Hui; Yang, Yang

doi:10.1155/2021/6616547

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Concerning carvacrol, the major compound of the EO, its effect on cell migration depends on the cell type. In models of open wounds, the compound promotes wound healing [143,144], while in cancer cells, carvacrol delays cell migration [145][146][147]. Our results suggest that in a complex mixture of compounds, such as an EO, some compounds might antagonize the effect of carvacrol, thus decreasing its pro-migratory properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effect of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. on Inflammation, Senescence and Cell Migration

et al. 2023

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Aromatic plants are reported to display pharmacological properties, including anti-aging. This work aims to disclose the anti-aging effect of the essential oil (EO) of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav., an aromatic and medicinal plant widely used as a spice, as well as of the hydrodistillation residual water (HRW), a discarded by-product of EO hydrodistillation. The phytochemical characterization of EO and HRW was assessed by GC-MS and HPLC-PDA-ESI-MSn, respectively. The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used to disclose the antioxidant properties. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages by assessing NO production, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β protein levels. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch wound assay, and the etoposide-induced senescence was used to assess the modulation of senescence. The EO is mainly characterized by carvacrol, while the HRW is predominantly characterized by rosmarinic acid. The HRW exerts a stronger antioxidant effect in the DPPH and FRAP assays, whereas the EO was the most active sample in the ABTS assay. Both extracts reduce NO, iNOS, and pro-IL-1β. The EO has no effect on cell migration and presents anti-senescence effects. In opposition, HRW reduces cell migration and induces cellular senescence. Overall, our study highlights interesting pharmacological properties for both extracts, EO being of interest as an anti-aging ingredient and HRW relevant in cancer therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effect of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. on Inflammation, Senescence and Cell Migration

et al. 2023

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“…Carvacrol showed analogous antitumoral properties as thymol in a study involving oral squamous carcinoma cells [ 37 ]. Keap1/Nrf2 and NALP3 were upregulated in the carcinoma cells.…”

Section: Carvacrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties of Thyme Oil and Its Main Constituents

Vassiliou

Awoleye

Davis

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Thyme oil (TO) is derived from the flowers of various plants belonging to the genus Thymus. It has been used as a therapeutic agent since ancient times. Thymus comprises numerous molecular species exhibiting diverse therapeutic properties that are dependent on their biologically active concentrations in the extracted oil. It is therefore not surprising that oils extracted from different thyme plants present different therapeutic properties. Furthermore, the phenophase of the same plant species has been shown to yield different anti-inflammatory properties. Given the proven efficacy of TO and the diversity of its constituents, a better understanding of the interactions of the various components is warranted. The aim of this review is to gather the latest research findings regarding TO and its components with respect to their immunomodulatory properties. An optimization of the various components has the potential to yield more effective thyme formulations with increased potency.

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“…However, oxycodone treatment activated the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway in mifepristone‐induced hEndoSCs. To better illustrate the latent mechanism of oxycodone in a mifepristone‐induced endometrial injury model, a Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway inhibitor (ML385) was used 41 . Further functional analysis revealed that ML385 reversed the effects of oxycodone on mifepristone‐treated hEndoSCs by deactivating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway, as confirmed by the inhibition of Keap1, Nrf2, HO‐1, and NQO1 expression, suppressed cell viability, and promotion of apoptosis, Caspase3 activity, cleaved‐Caspase3 expression, and inflammatory cytokine release, suggesting that the protective effects of oxycodone may be regulated, in part, through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxycodone alleviates mifepristone‐stimulated human endometrial stromal cell injury by activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway

Zhu,

Yao,

Shen

2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundEndometrial injury is a common disease in women caused by intrauterine inflammation, infections, and endocrine disorders. Human endometrial stromal cells (hEndoSCs) can maintain endometrial homeostasis and play an important role in repairing endometrial injury. Mifepristone, a steroidal anti‐progesterone drug, is widely used in the field of reproductive medicine worldwide. Mifepristone‐induced hEndoSC injury has been used to study endometrial injury in vitro. At present, the pathogenesis and potential regulatory mechanisms of oxycodone in endometrial injury remain unknown.AimsWe aimed to evaluate the functions of oxycodone in mifepristone‐stimulated hEndoSC injury and analyze its potential molecular mechanism.Materials & MethodshEndoSC viability, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis were analyzed using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, the lactate dehydrogenase assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, the levels of cleaved‐Caspase3, Keap1, Nrf2, HO‐1, and NQO1 were assessed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, and the release of inflammatory cytokines was determined using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsWe observed that oxycodone had no adverse effects on hEndoSCs; rather, it protected hEndoSCs against mifepristone‐induced endometrial damage, as confirmed by the enhanced cell viability, reduced number of apoptotic cells, decreased Caspase3 activity and inflammatory cytokine secretion, and increased Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway‐related protein expression. In addition, we found that the protective effects of oxycodone on mifepristone‐induced hEndoSC injury were inhibited by ML385 (a Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 inhibitor).ConclusionIn summary, we confirmed that oxycodone alleviates mifepristone‐induced hEndoSC injury by activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway.

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Antioral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Effects of Carvacrol via Inhibiting Inflammation, Proliferation, and Migration Related to Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. on Inflammation, Senescence and Cell Migration

Effect of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. on Inflammation, Senescence and Cell Migration

Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties of Thyme Oil and Its Main Constituents

Oxycodone alleviates mifepristone‐stimulated human endometrial stromal cell injury by activating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway

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