Antiobesity and Antidiabetes Effects of aCudrania tricuspidataHydrophilic Extract Presenting PTP1B Inhibitory Potential

Abstract

Diabetes and obesity represent the major health problems and the most age-related metabolic diseases. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has emerged as an important regulator of insulin signal transduction and is regarded as a pharmaceutical target for metabolic disorders. To find novel natural materials presenting therapeutic activities against diabetes and obesity, we screened various herb extracts using a chip screening allowing the determination of PTP1B inhibitory effects of the tested compounds using insulin receptor (IR) as the substrate. Cudrania tricuspidata leaves (CTe) had a strong inhibitory effect on PTP1B activity and substantially inhibited fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. CTe was orally administrated to diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice once daily for 3 weeks after which changes in glucose, insulin metabolism, and fat accumulation were examined. Hepatic enzyme markers (aspartate aminotransferase, AST, and alanine aminotransferase, ALT) and total fat mass and triglyceride levels decreased in CTe-treated mice, whereas body weight and total cholesterol concentration slightly decreased. CTe increased the phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Akt in liver tissue. Furthermore, CTe treatment significantly lowered blood glucose levels and improved insulin secretion in DIO mice. Our results strongly suggest that CTe may represent a promising therapeutic substance against diabetes and obesity.

Gastroprotective Effects of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf Extracts by Suppressing Gastric cAMP and Increasing Gastric Mucins

“…tricuspidata is known to be effective for treating gastrointestinal diseases in folk remedies. Many studies have reported the effects of C. tricuspidata on allergies, inflammation, liver damage, diabetes, and obesity (Park et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2012;Jo et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2015b;Kim et al, 2016;Jo et al, 2017;Cho et al, 2019;Jo et al, 2019), however the mechanism of action for treating gas- Fig. 5.…”

“…C. tricuspidata is known to be effective for treating gastrointestinal diseases in folk remedies. Many studies have reported the effects of C. tricuspidata on allergies, inflammation, liver damage, diabetes, and obesity ( Park et al, 2006 ; Lee et al, 2012 ; Jo et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2015b ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Jo et al, 2017 ; Cho et al, 2019 ; Jo et al, 2019 ), however the mechanism of action for treating gastroenteritic conditions such as gastritis remains unknown. Although the effect of C. tricuspidata extract on alcoholic gastric injury has previously been reported, only the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of C. tricuspidata were described ( Kim et al, 2015a ).…”

“…Cudrania tricuspidata is a deciduous tree used in traditional medicine to treat eczema, mumps, pulmonary tuberculosis, allergies, and acute arthritis ( Xin et al, 2017 ). Recent studies have reported that C. tricuspidata leaf, stem, root, and fruit extracts are effective in preventing diseases, such as liver damage, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, and obesity ( Park et al, 2006 ; Choi et al, 2015 ; Jo et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2015b ; Kim et al, 2016 ; Jo et al, 2017 ; Cho et al, 2019 ; Jo et al, 2019 ). In a previous study, we showed that ethanol extracts of C. tricuspidata leaves prevent reflux esophagitis in rats, which we predicted may be due to inhibition of H2R activity ( Kim et al, 2019 ).…”

Comparison of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Maclura tricuspidata Fruit Extracts at Different Maturity Stages

“…The leaves, root, stem, and fruit of this plant have been used in traditional Korean herbal medicines to treat jaundice, hepatitis, neuritis, and inflammation [1]. Over the last two decades, several beneficial effects of M. tricuspidata extracts have been reported; they include anticancer [2,3], anti-inflammatory [4], antioxidant [5,6], oxidative stress-induced neurotoxicity [7], anti-obesity and anti-diabetes properties [8]. Moreover, a variety of bioactive compounds such as prenylated xanthones, phenolic acids, and flavonoids have already been identified from its leaves, root, stem, and fruit [9,10,11].…”

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Steam-Distilled Essential Oil and Glycosidically Bound Volatiles from Maclura Tricuspidata Fruit

“…The leaves, root, stem and fruit of this plant have been used in traditional herbal medicines to treat jaundice, hepatitis, neuritis and inflammation in Korea [12]. Several beneficial effects of M. tricuspidata extracts have been reported including anticancer [13,14], anti-inflammatory [15], antioxidant [16,17], and antidiabetes effects [18]. Various bioactive compounds such as prenylated xanthones, phenolic acids and flavonoids have already been identified from its leaves, root, stem and fruit [19][20][21].…”